塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅盐碱耐受性研究

Studies on the Tolerance of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) to Salinity and Alkalinity

采用急性毒理试验方法对塔里木河中叶尔羌高原鳅Triplophysa(Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day)分别在不同盐、碱度下进行了盐、碱耐受性试验,分析盐、碱胁迫对叶尔羌高原鳅毒性影响。结果显示:p H6.5~7.5,水温(20±1)℃,盐度对叶尔羌高原鳅12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的半致死浓度分别为15.490 0‰、13.979 0‰、12.920 0‰、12.117 0‰、10.770 0‰,安全值为3.785 2‰;碱度对叶尔羌高原鳅12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的半致死浓度分别为6.551 6 g·L^(-1)、5.164 5 g·L^(-1)、4.004 7 g·L^(-1)、3.601 7 g·L^(-1)、2.952 4 g·L^(-1),安全值为0.931 6 g·L^(-1)。研究表明,塔里木河水盐碱化严重影响了叶尔羌高原鳅的生长和发育,造成其资源锐减。本研究旨在为叶尔羌高原鳅驯化养殖和苗种培育提供科学依据。

The tolerance of Triplophysa（ Hedinichthys） yarkandensis（ Day） against gradient concentrations of salinity（ S） /alkalinity（ Alk） were studied by acute toxicology method. The results showed that when Alk was around pH6. 5 ^ 7. 5 with water temperature（ 20 ± 1） ℃,the median lethal concentration（ LC50） of S to T.（ H.） yarkandensis（ Day） were 15. 490 0‰,13. 979 0‰,12. 920 0‰,12. 117 0‰ and 10. 770 0‰ at 12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h,respectively. And the safe concentration of S was 3. 785 2‰. The LC50 of Alk to T.（ H.） yarkandensis（ Day） were 6. 551 6 g·L^（-1）,5. 164 5 g·L^（-1）,4. 004 7 g·L^（-1）,3. 601 7 g·L^（-1）and 2. 952 4 g·L^（-1）at 12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h,respectively; and the safe concentration of Alk was 0. 931 6 g · L^（-1）. In conclusion,the S / Alk stress of Tarim water salinization seriously influenced the growth and development of T.（ H.） yarkandensis（ Day）,and therefore resulting a sharp drop in its population. The present study provided scientific basis for domesticated breeding and larval rearing of T.（ H.） yarkandensis（ Day）.