毛健夜蛾幼虫假死行为诱导因子研究

Factors that induce Brithys crini Fabricius(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae to play dead

【目的】探明毛健夜蛾Brithys crini Fabricius幼虫另类假死行为的规律和特点。【方法】在实验室条件下观察毛健夜蛾幼虫体重、连续刺激、作用力的大小、背景声音和背景LED光色对假死发生率和假死持续时间的影响。【结果】(1)假死持续时间有随幼虫体重增加而延长的趋势,但相关性不显著。(2)假死持续时间有随刺激次数增加而缩短的趋势,与刺激次数呈显著性负相关;前10次刺激的平均假死持续时间(85.6 s)显著长于后10次(67.3 s)。(3)2、5和10 N力处理组间假死持续时间(分别为82.3、97.4和78.3 s)无显著差异,但三者均显著短于6 N力处理组的假死持续时间(157.0 s)。(4)风声处理组假死持续时间(65.6 s)显著短于鸟鸣声和蛙叫声处理组(分别为144.8 s和134.1 s)。(5)不同颜色背景LED光源处理下,假死持续时间有显著差异性,红色闪光、红色、黄色、绿色、白色和蓝色处理组假死持续时间分别为54.7、64.3、82.7、90.6、96.9、112.3 s。各处理假死发生率没有显著性差异。【结论】毛健夜蛾幼虫假死行为可因内外环境因素不同而异。

[Objectives] To understand what induces larvae of Brithys crini Fabricius to play dead. [Methods] The effects of internal and external factors on the frequency and the duration of playing dead were observed. [Results]（1） The duration of feigned death increased with larval body weight but this trend was not statistically significant.（2） Duration decreased significantly with the number of repeated stimuli. The duration from the 1st to the 10 th stimulus（85.6 s） was longer than that from the 11 th to the 20 th stimulus（67.3 s）.（3） The duration of feigned death following mechanical stimulation of 2, 5 and 10 Newtons（N）（82.3, 97.4 and 78.3 s, respectively）was shorter than that after receiving a stimulus of 6 N（157.0 s）. The relationship between duration and applied force could be described by a parabolic equation.（4） The duration following exposure to the sound of wind（65.6 s） was shorter than that following exposure to bird and frog calls（144.8 s and 134.1 s, respectively）.（5） There was a significant difference in duration following exposure to different LED sources. Durations of feigned death following red flashing, red, yellow, green, white and blue LED treatments were 54.7, 64.3, 82.7, 90.6, 96.9 and 112.3 s, respectively. The difference in the frequency of feigned death was insignificant among all treatments. [Conclusion] The larvae of B. crini are induced to play dead by both internal and external factors.