西南三江锌铅银铜锑金成矿带成矿特征及资源潜力

Metallogenic Characteristics and Mineral Resource Potential of the Southwestern Shanjiang Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag-Sb-Au Metallogenic Belt

西南三江成矿带是我国重要有色金属和贵金属多金属成矿带之一,锌铅银铜锑金等多金属矿产资源十分丰富。本文从西南三江成矿带范围、成矿地质条件、主攻矿种、矿床类型和矿产资源潜力等方面概述了西南三江成矿带的成矿特征及资源潜力。西南三江成矿带地处特提斯—喜马拉雅构造域的东部,是欧亚板块与印度板块碰撞结合带,大地构造复杂,地层发育齐全,岩浆活动频繁,成矿地质条件优越。西南三江成矿带划分了与富碱性斑岩有关的金铜钼铅锌矿床成矿系列、与碳酸盐岩—碎屑岩系有关铅锌矿床成矿系列和与碰撞造山韧性剪切带有关的金镍铬矿床成矿系列等二十个矿床成矿系列,主攻矿种为锌、铅、铜、银、金和锑,发育有斑岩型、沉积-改造型和MVT型等多种矿床类型。兰坪金顶超大型铅锌矿床和鹤庆北衙超大型金矿床是西南三江成矿带多期多类型叠加成矿的典型矿床,本文简要介绍了其矿床地质特征。根据全国矿产资源潜力评价项目最新成果,本文按预测深度汇总了西南三江成矿带锌、铅和铜等20种矿产的预测资源量,划分了青海多彩地区铜多金属、西藏夏日多—多霞松多铜钼、云南兰坪—云龙铅锌铜和云南鹤庆—祥云金多金属等24个成矿远景区,初步总结了其中13个重点远景区的主攻矿种、主攻矿床类型和资源潜力。

The Southwest Sanjiang metallogenic belt,one of the most important nonferrous metals and precious metals metallogenic belt in China,possesses large amount of Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag-Sb-Au resources.This study presents the metallgoenic features and resources potential from perspectives of main metallogenic characteristics and geological conditions,mineral species and deposit type.The southwestern Sanjiang metallogenic belt located in the eastern Tethys-Himalayan tectonic domain is the collisional zone between Eurasian plate and Indian plate collision.It is characterized with complicated tectonic structure,well developed strata and frequent magmatic activities,indicating it is of preferential ore-forming conditions.The belt contains 20 and more metallogenic systems：Au-Cu-Mo-Zn-Pb metallogenic series related to alkaline rich porphyry;Pb-Zn metallogenic series associated with carbonatic rock to clastics;and Au-Ni-Cr metallogenic series associated with ductile shear zone of collisional orogeny,etc.The main mineral species are Zn,Pb,Cu,Ag,Au and Sb,and main deposit types are porphyry,sedimentary reformation and MVT.This paper selected the Lanping Jinding super-large zinc-lead ore deposit and Heqing Beiya super large gold ore deposit as examples to introduce their geological features.It is confirmed that the super large deposits are characterized by superimposed mineralization.According to the latest results of national mineral resources potential assessment,this study summarized the predicted mineral resources for 20 and more minerals including Zn,Pb,Cu and other minerals,and defined 24 key prospecting areas,including copper and polymetallic areas of Duocai area of Qinghai, Cu-Mo metallogenic area of Xiariduoduoxiasongduo area in Tibet,Zn-Pb-Cu metallogenic area of the Lanping-Yunlong area in Yunnan,and Au and other metals metallogenic area of the Heqing-Xiangyun area in Yunnan.Main mineral species and deposit types in 13 key prospect areas were outlined for next prospecting task.