佛教“六和敬”思想探析

On the Thought of Six Friendship and Respect

六和敬是佛教僧团中人际关系处理的基本准则,包括六种和敬之法,具体内容在不同的经典中有不同表述,重点强调在身、语、意、戒、见、利六个方面彼此和敬,因此又称为"六和"。六和敬不仅是消除和预防僧团忿诤、维护僧团和合的基本条件,更是令僧宝不断实现"正法久住"的重要保障。破坏六和敬的六种根源是"六诤本",具体表现为"四诤",对治的根本方法为"七灭诤"。六和敬作为一种交往共处的准则,不仅对佛教的发展意义深远,在现代世俗社会中正确处理人际关系亦具有重要的借鉴价值。

Six friendship and respect is the basic principle in the interpersonal relationship in the sangha,which includes six different friendship and respect methods.Their content expression is different in different classics,but focus on the following six aspects：action,language,awareness,discipline,knowledge,and interest.So it is named＂six friendship＂for short.Six friendship and respect is the most basic condition for preventing and eliminating dispute in sangha.And it is the important security of the enlargement of sangha in order to develop the Dharma.Six friendship and respect is often broken by the ＂liu zheng ben＂,its expression is＂si zheng＂.The solution is＂qi mie zheng＂.Six friendship and respect is the criterion in social interaction,it is of momentous current significance in development of Buddhism,and it has great significance for reference in interpersonal relationship in secular society.