从铅尾矿中回收载银方铅矿的试验研究

Experiment Study on Recovery of Carrier Galena of Silver from a Lead Tailings

采用化学多元素分析、XRD和SEM-EDS等技术对尾矿的矿物组成和微观结构进行表征,研究表明:该尾矿中主要的有价元素为铅、银,含量分别为0.67%、16.51 g/t,银主要呈细粒状或者类质同相赋存于方铅矿中,载银方铅矿为主要回收对象。在此基础上,对尾矿中载银方铅矿的回收进行了选矿工艺流程和药剂制度的研究;讨论了磨矿细度,捕收剂种类、用量,精选矿浆p H值等因素对浮选工艺的影响,确定了磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占80%,丁基黄药作为捕收剂,用量为80 g/t,石灰作为精选调整剂,矿浆p H=11.0的药剂制度。通过"一次粗选、二次扫选、三次精选"的浮选工艺流程,获得了铅、银品位分别为6.41%、147.09 g/t,回收率分别为63.38%、58.59%的精矿,实现了铅锌尾矿中铅、银的有效回收利用。

Changes in micromorphology and phase composition were discussed by using chemical element analysis, SEM, EDS and XRD technology. Results show that the main marketable elements are lead and silver, with contents of 0.67 % and 16.51 g/t, respectively. Silver mainly appears fine granular or class in phase occurrence in galena, and carrier galena of silver is the main target of recycling. On this basis, reasonable mineral processing flowsheet and regime of agent were studied for tailings. The grinding fineness, collector type, dosage, and selection of slurry p H value on the influence of the flotation process were also discussed. The grinding fineness is 80% of 0.074 mm with butyl xanthate as a collector, the dosage of 80 g/t, lime as adjusting agent, and agent system of slurry p H=11.0. The concentrations of lead and silver of 6.41% and 147.09 g/t, with recovery of 63.38%, 58.59% respectively can be obtained by three-time flotation processes.