改良式聚四氟乙烯假体隆鼻术的疗效观察

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF MODIFIED POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE PROSTHESIS RHINOPLASTY

目的探讨改良式聚四氟乙烯假体隆鼻术矫正低鼻伴鼻小柱短小的疗效。方法 2012年8月-2015年8月,采用改良式聚四氟乙烯假体隆鼻术矫正低鼻伴鼻小柱短小52例。男4例,女48例;年龄19~45岁,平均27岁。初次鼻整形47例;二次鼻整形5例,两次手术间隔时间为12~18个月,平均15个月。假体雕刻鱼鳞状凹陷腹侧面和可移动帽状鼻尖段,术中设计鼻背-鼻小柱一体皮瓣无张力覆盖假体。术前及末次随访时,照相后通过Image Pro-Plus 6.0软件测量患者鼻长、鼻深、鼻尖宽、鼻孔/鼻尖、鼻唇角、鼻尖后旋角,评价鼻部外形矫正程度;应用超声测量患者鼻翼软骨夹角、鼻翼两顶点距离、鼻尖至两鼻翼顶点连线距离,评价鼻内部软组织改变情况。术后12个月行头颅CT,观察假体位置。结果术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、皮肤变薄、假体外露等并发症发生。患者均获随访,随访时间7~36个月,平均20.4个月。随访期间患者鼻部无明显不适。术后12个月45例患者CT复查见假体位于鼻部正中,鼻骨及鼻中隔软骨、大翼软骨内侧脚的上方,无假体周围感染、移位等并发症发生。末次随访时,除鼻孔/鼻尖手术前后比较差异无统计学意义（t=1.618,P=0.112）外,患者鼻部外形及内部软组织相关评价指标均较术前显著改善,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。患者对鼻部外形满意。结论改良式聚四氟乙烯假体隆鼻术能有效矫正低鼻伴鼻小柱短小,手术创伤小,鼻部外观好。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of modified polytetrafluoroethylene（PTFE） prosthesis rhinoplasty for correction of low nose and short columella. Methods Between August 2012 and August 2015, modified PTFE prosthesis rhinoplasty was used to correct low nose and short columella in 52 patients. There were 4 males and 48 females, aged 19 to 45 years（mean, 27 years）. Primary rhinoplasty was performed in 47 cases; secondary rhinoplasty was performed in 5 cases, and it was 12- 18 months from the first operation（mean, 15 months）. During operation, a scaly sag ventral side was made by carving and moving cap shaped nose prosthesis was prepared, and nasal dorsumnasal columella prosthesis covered by tension-free flap was designed. At pre-operation and last follow-up, Image ProPlus 6. 0 software was used to measure the nose length, nose depth, nose tip width, nostril/nose tip, nasolabial angle, and nasal tip rotation for evaluation of external nose shape correction; and ultrasound was used to measure the alar cartilage angle, alar two vertex distance, and nose tip to vertex distance for evaluation of internal soft tissue changes; the prosthesis position was observed by CT scan at 12 months. Results All incisions healed by first intention, with no complications. All patients were followed up 7- 36 months（mean, 20. 4 months）. At 12 months after operation, CT scans showed that prosthesis located in the middle of the nose and above nasal bone, septal cartilage and crus mediale cartilaginis alaris majoris in 45 patients; no prosthesis displacement was observed. At last follow-up, image measurement and ultrasound results showed external nose shape parameters（except nostril/nose tip） and internal soft tissue structures were significantly improved when compared with preoperative values（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Modified PTFE prosthesis rhinoplasty can effectively correct low nose and short columella, with small surgical trauma and good appearance.