专家信任的危机与重塑

Crisis and reconstruction of trust in expertise and experts

专家信任是现代社会的基石,它对于公众生活、科学发展、产业发展和国家治理都具有重要意义。然而,我国当前存在一定程度上的专家信任危机。这不仅会动摇社会信任的根基,而且会威胁社会的健康发展。调查结果表明:专家的利益关联、公众与专家的风险观差异、科学传播的效果不理想,是导致当前我国专家信任危机的主要因素。面对专家信任危机,必须重塑专家信任,警惕反智主义和民粹主义绑架社会和专家。为此,应努力切断专家的利益关联,打造价值中立的专家;促进公众理解和参与科学,改善公众与专家的沟通;加强科学传媒治理,提高科学传播效果。

Trust in expertise and experts is an important cornerstone of modern society, and it has great significance for public life, de- velopment of science and industry and national governance. However, there is a crisis of trust in expertise and experts in current Chi- na, and it will not only shake the foundation of social trust, but also threaten healthy developments of the society. Survey results show that experts associated with interests, different risk concepts between scientific experts and ordinary citizens and a poor scientific com- munication are main factors causing the crisis of trust in expertise and expert in China. Therefore, trust in expertise and experts must be reshaped to guard against anti -intellectualism and populism kidnapping society and experts in current China. To this end, related interests of experts should be cut off to make experts value - neutral, public understanding of science and public participation in science should be promoted to enhance the communication between scientific experts and ordinary citizens, governance of science communica- tion media should be strengthened to improve the results of science communication.