国家安全视野的民防体系演进轨迹及其改革取向

Evolution and Reform Orientation of Civil Defense System in the Vision of National Security

在传统安全与非传统安全纵横交织的复杂形势下,民防部门开始由战时防空向战时防空、和平时防灾救灾转变。中国民防体系是现代国家安全治理格局的重要组成部分,而"职能定位-行政体制-资源配置"的相互联动和相互契合是这一现代国家运行体制的基础。基于这一组织分析框架,以上海为例的研究发现,中国民防体系的改革在制度建设、领导体制和资源整合方面还处于探索的初级阶段,调节改革中的价值张力、结构张力、运行张力,推动职能-结构-运行三者间的协调联动是破除改革障碍性因素的关键。

Facing the new situation that the line between traditional and non-traditional security threats have become increasingly blurred today, Civil Defense as an institution established in wartime began to shift from the original framework towards the new system which combines wartime air defense and peacetime tasks of disaster prevention and rescue. Chinese Civil Defense is undoubtedly an important part of modern national security governance system, whose foundation based on the mutual interaction and matching between the three factors of ＂Functional orientation- administrative system- resource allocation＂. Applying the framework and taking Shanghai as an example, we founded that the reform of China＇s civil defense system is still in the initial stage of exploration especially in terms of institt, tion,bureaucracy and resource integration. The most effeetive way of breaking the barriers of reform is to adjust the value tension, structural tension and operating tension in the transformation, and to promote the linkage reform function between the three factors of ＂function-structure-running＂.