小儿急性液性硬膜外血肿诊治分析

Analysis of diagnosis and treatment of acute liquid epidural hematoma in children

目的探讨小儿急性液性硬膜外血肿的临床特征、诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析江西省宜春市人民医院神经外科2005年1月至2014年12月收治的15例小儿急性液性硬膜外血肿的临床资料。结果本组单纯性硬膜外血肿11例(3例血肿骑跨幕上幕下),占73.33%;合并脑挫裂伤4例,占26.67%。5例行非手术治疗,全部治愈;2例行标准骨瓣开颅,8例行颅骨钻孔引流术,均证实有颅骨骨折,全部治愈,无死亡病例。结论小儿急性液性硬膜外血肿病情隐蔽,早期诊断、及时发现是关键,单纯性液性硬膜外血肿行颅骨钻孔引流,简单、安全,疗效可靠。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of acute epidural hematoma in children. Methods The clinical data of 15 cases of acute epidural hematoma in our hospital from December 2014 to January 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In this group, 11 cases were treated with simple epidural hematoma, accounting for 73.33%; 4 cases were complicated with cerebral contusion and laceration, accounting for 26.67%. 5 cases were treated by non operative treatment, 2 cases were treated with standard bone flap craniotomy, 8 cases were treated with skull drilling drainage. Conclusion Early diagnosis and timely discovery is the key to the diagnosis and treatment of children with acute liquid epidural hematoma, and skull drilling drainage is simple, safe and reliable treatment to Simple liquid epidural hematoma.