2006-2014年我国门急诊儿童非故意和故意伤害病例分析

Characteristics of unintentional and intentional injuries among children from emergency and outpatient rooms in China,2006- 2014

目的 了解我国儿童非故意与故意伤害的主要流行特征。方法 对2006-2014年全国伤害监测系统收集的0~17岁儿童伤害病例的主要特征进行分析。结果 2006-2014年在哨点医院门诊和急诊收集的儿童伤害病例中的故意伤害病例所占比例呈现降低趋势。2014年收集病例中,男性非故意伤害和暴力/攻击病例多于女性,不同性别自残/自杀病例所占比例接近。非故意伤害前三位发生原因是跌倒/坠落、道路交通伤害和钝器伤,自残/自杀病例前三位发生原因是中毒、刀/锐器伤和跌倒/坠落,暴力/攻击病例前三位发生原因是钝器伤、刀/锐器伤和动物伤。非故意伤害和自残/自杀病例首位发生地点是家中,暴力/攻击病例首位发生地点是学校与公共场所。自残/自杀病例中、重度病例比例高于非故意伤害和暴力/攻击病例。不同性别、年龄儿童伤害发生原因、发生地点、严重程度和结局均有差别。结论 儿童非故意伤害和故意伤害防控需根据其流行特征采取有针对性的策略和措施。

Objective To explore characteristics of unintentional and intentional injury among children aged 0-17 in China. Methods Data collected from National Injury Surveillance System through 2006 to 2014 were analyzed. Results The proportion of intentional injuries was declining through 2006 to 2014. Among cases collected in 2014, unintentional injury and assault were higher in boys, while self-harm was similar between boys and girls. The top three causes were fall- ing, road traffic injury and blunt injury for unintentional injury, poisoning, sharp injury and falling for self-harm, blunt in- jury, sharp injury and animal injury for assault. The top location injury occurred were home for unintentional injury and self-harm, while school and public place was the top one for assault. Proportion of moderate and severe injuries among self- harm were higher than that in unintentional injury and assault. There were differences between different gender and age. Conclusions It＇ s necessary to have a good understanding of child injuries for prevention.