高速铁路避雷器与防雷线技术综合应用研究

Integrated Research on Application of Technology of Lightning Arrester and Lightning Protection Rod in High-speed Railway System

我国高速铁路线路大多要经过多种地形、地貌,不同区域地理、气候、运行条件的差异增加了高速铁路防范雷击的难度,且避雷器与防雷线技术均存在自身不足。故单独使用某一项防雷技术都难以最优化地实现高速铁路避雷、防雷技术的提升。文章提出在高速铁路线路经过的所有区域路段,将避雷器、防雷线技术作为工程体系技术综合应用在高速铁路接触网上,使全线路置于防雷、避雷系统全面防控之下的构想,形成两种成熟技术的有机组合和优势互补。研究证明:在山区、复杂地段和特别路段的高速铁路接触网上主要装置避雷器;在强雷区和平坦地段、主要电气设备安装地段等架设防雷线,两者各自负责不同区域,形成避雷、防雷全覆盖,可以有效保证高速铁路线路和设施的安全。

In China, high-speed railways, in most cases, are to take path through diverse landform, topography where differed geography, climate and operational conditions at varied areas would make lightning protection even tougher for the development of high-speed railways, but what even more challenging is that the technology of lightning arrester and lightning protection rod are still self-deficient. Thus, any separate use of certain lightning protection technology can hardly help to achieve technological promotion of lightning arrestment and lightning protection in high-speed railways, optimally. It is constructively rendered a conformation in this article that at all the sections where high -speed railways are to travel through, lightning arrester and lightning protection rod as a set of comprehensive engineering system can be applied to high-speed railway catenary, which designed to make the entire lines subject to overall protection and control under a system of lightning arrestment and lightning protection and therefore, to form an organic combination and reciprocal advantage between these two mature technologies. As attested by certain researches, at the geographic locations where are allocated with mountainous areas, areas with a varied topography and specially distributed landform, catenary onto high-speed railways is primarily being furnished with lightning arrester meanwhile at the geographic locations where intense lightning/thunderstorm being likely distributed, topography fiat and main electrical equipment installed, erection of lightning arrestment rod would be empirical. These two afore said means would have to account for differed topographic areas, intended to form full coverage of lightning arrestment and lightning protection, and thus, to effectively secure safety of high-speed railway lines and facilities.