改革开放前中国重要农产品流体建设的宏观政策演进分析

Macro Policy Evolution in Establishing the Circulation System of Major Agricultural Products before China Taking the Economic Reform and Opening-up Policy

农产品流通体制改革是我国农村经济体制改革的一个重要方面。改革开放前这项改革始终是围绕着逐步取消国家对农产品实行的统购统销制度,恢复和发展市场交换这个中心内容展开的。改革采取了调放结合、逐步前进的方式,即在适当调整农产品购销价格的同时,将那些供求状况比较稳定的品种放开经营,逐步减少国家统购统销的品种和数量,扩大市场调节的比重。这是从两个时期农产品供求实际状况出发的,其间也曾经历了种种曲折,就其对国家经济和社会的影响而言,其强烈的程度不亚于农村实行"包产到户"的那场改革。

The circulation system reform of agricultural products is one of the significant aspects of China＇s rural economic system reform.Before carrying out the economic reform and opening-up policy, this reform focused on phasing out the state monopoly of purchase and marketing of agricultural products and restoring and developing market exchange. The reform was carried out in terms of an integration of adjustment with liberalization and step by step progress. In other words, the prices of the products were adjusted appropriately and the operation of varieties in stable demand and supply status were liberalized. The state-planned purchase and marketing variety and quantity were reducing gradually with increasing ratio of market regulation. This reform was set up based on the actual conditions of the two periods and the degree of intensity was as drastic as the reform in rural areas, namely ＂fix farm output quotas on the household basis＂.