闽侯县不同海拔水稻土养分特征、成因与施肥对策

Characteristics and origin of paddy soil nutrient and corresponding fertilizing strategy at different altitudes in Minhou County

对闽侯县不同海拔水稻土进行取样分析,结果表明:水稻土有机质、碱解氮、有效磷养分含量总体较高,但分布不均,82.1%的土样速效钾处于中低水平;低、中、高海拔区的有机质、碱解氮呈随海拔上升而增加的趋势;有效磷、速效钾均表现为低海拔区>高海拔区>中海拔区;p H值表现为随海拔增加而降低的趋势。建议低海拔区应降低磷肥施用量、稳步提升有机质含量;中海拔区应适当补磷、增钾;高海拔区应适当调减氮肥用量,酸性稻田应注意补充石灰、白云粉等以提高土壤p H值。

Paddy soils at different altitudes of Minhou County were sampled and analyzed. The results showed that the contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable N,and available P were generally high but not even; Available potassium contents in 82. 1% samples were at medium or low level,and the contents of organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable N increased following with the rising of altitude; Meanwhile,contents of both available P and available potassium at different altitudes showed the trends that low altitude the high the middle. The p H value decreased as the altitude. It is suggested that the dose of P fertilizer should be decreased and the organic matter contents should be increased in the low-altitude area; K and P fertilizer should be suitably added in the middle-altitude area; and the N fertilizer should be reduced in the high-altitude area. Moreover,lime and dolomite could be applied in the acid paddy soil to increase the p H value.