邢台市2013-2014年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析

Analysis of data on monitoring of suspected adverse events following immunization in Xingtai City, Hebei Province,China during 2013 - 2014

目的分析邢台市2013-2014年疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse events following immunization,AEFI）发生情况,为评价疫苗的安全性提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息管理系统AEFI信息管理系统,收集邢台市2013-2014年AEFI个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果 2013-2014年,邢台市报告AEFI分别为894和939例,县级覆盖率100%,48 h及时报告率和调查率均为100%。在报告的AEFI病例中,男性多于女性,≤2岁儿童占绝大多数。报告的AEFI以一般反应较多,并以一类疫苗为主,较多的为无细胞百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗、麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗、A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗、冻干甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗等。异常反应中以过敏性皮疹、卡介苗淋巴结炎、血小板减少性紫癜发生率较高。结论我市疫苗安全性总体良好,但仍需提高AEFI监测质量,尤其是异常反应的监测能力。

Objective To analyze the incidence of suspected adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China during 2013 - 2014 and provide a basis for the evaluation of safety of vaccines. Methods The data on AEFI in Xingtai City during 2013 - 2014 were collected from the information management system of Chinese Center for Prevention and Control of Diseases, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results In 2013 and2014, 894 and 939 cases of AEFI were reported in Xingtai City respectively. The county-level coverage as well as immediate report and investigation rates within 48 h were 100%. More cases were reported in males than in females, most of which occurred in the infants at ages of not more than 2 years. Most of the reported cases were general reactions, which were mainly caused by vaccines of category Ⅰ, such as diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine（DTa P）, live attenuated measles and rebulla combined vaccine, group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine, live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine and freeze-dried live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine. The incidence rates of anaphylactic rash, BCG lymphadenitis and thrombocytolytic purpura were relatively high. Conclusion The vaccines in this city showed high safety in general. However, the monitoring on AEFI especially abnormal reactions should still be strengthened.