光照对中国南北方萱藻丝状体生长发育影响的比较

A comparative study on effects of light intensity and photoperiod on the growth and development of filaments of the northern and the southern Scytosiphon lomentaria in China

通过分离、培养我国北方海域(烟台、青岛)和南方海域(舟山、温州)的萱藻丝状体,比较研究了不同光强[7.2、21.6、36.0、50.4、64.8、86.4、108.0和129.6μmol/(m2·s)]和不同光周期(8L:16D、10L:14D、12L:12D、14L:10D和16L:8D)对我国南北方萱藻丝状体生长及发育的影响。结果表明:(1)过高[≥108.0μmol/(m2·s)]或过低[≤21.6μmol/(m2·s)]光强条件均不利于我国南北方萱藻丝状体的快速生长;(2)我国南北方萱藻丝状体生长的最适光强条件相同,在64.8μmol/(m2·s)条件下培养20 d后,其丝状体的增重倍比和日均增长率均达到最大值;(3)我国南北方萱藻丝状体发育的最适光强条件均为36.0μmol/(m2·s),培养20 d后,烟台、青岛、舟山和温州的萱藻丝状体的孢子囊枝比例均达到最大值,分别为34.72%±0.91%、35.06%±1.17%、35.37%±0.59%和34.33%±0.41%;(4)我国南北方萱藻丝状体生长的最适光周期条件不同,培养20 d后,北方萱藻丝状体的增重倍比和日均增长率均在14L:10D条件下达到最大值,分别为82.75%±2.39%、3.00%±0.36%和81.28%±4.53%、3.04%±0.49%,而南方均在16L:8D条件下达到最大值,分别为89.52%±0.88%、3.18%±0.30%和88.66%±7.09%、3.22%±0.26%;(5)经过20 d的培养观察,我国北方萱藻丝状体发育的适宜光周期范围为8L:16D^10L:14D,而南方的适宜光周期范围为10L:14D^12L:12D。

In the present research, the filaments of Scytosiphon lomentaria collected from the northern coastal area（Yantai, Qingdao） and the southern coastal area（Zhoushan, Wenzhou）of China, respectively, were used as the experimental materials. The effects of different light intensity [7.2, 21.6, 36.0, 50.4, 64.8, 86.4, 108.0 and 129.6μmol/（m^2·s）] and different photoperiod（8L：16D, 10L：14D, 12L：12D, 14L：10D and 16L：8D） on the growth and development of filaments of the northern S. Lomentaria（Yantai and Qingdao） and the southern S. lomentaria（Zhoushan and Wenzhou） were studied by means of isolation and culture, mainly to find out the differences among them. Results indicated that：（1） Light intensity had significant influences on the growth of filaments of S.lomentaria, neither higher light intensity [≥108.0 μmol/（m^2·s）] nor lower light intensity [≤21.6 μmol/（m^2·s）]were suitable for the rapid growth of filaments;（2） Cultured for 20 d, the increasing ratio of filament biomass and daily average growth rate of filaments of the northern and the southern S. lomentaria had reached the maximum under the condition of 64.8 μmol/（m^2·s）;（3） The optimum light intensity on the development of filaments of the northern and the southern S. lomentaria was 36.0 μmol/（m^2·s）, and cultured for 20 d, the sporangial branchlets ratio of filaments of S. lomentaria collected from Yantai, Qingdao, Zhoushan and Wenzhou had reached the maximum under the condition of 36.0 μmol/（m^2·s）, and the values were 34.72%±0.91%, 35.06%±1.17%,35.37%±0.59% and 34.33%±0.41%, respectively;（4） Cultured for 20 d, the increasing ratio of filament biomass and daily average growth rate of filaments of the northern S. lomentaria had reached the maximum under the condition of 14L：10D, and the values were 82.75%±2.39%, 3.00%±0.36% and 81.28%±4.53%, 3.04%±0.49%,while the southern S. lomentaria had reached the maximum under the condition of 16L：8D, and the values were89.52%±0.88%, 3.18%±0.30% and 88.66%±7.09%, 3.22%±0.26% respectively;（5） The appropriate photoperiod on the development of filaments of the northern S. lomentaria was 8L：16D—10L：14D, while the appropriate photoperiod on the development of filaments of the southern S. lomentaria was 10L：14D—12L：12D.