航天器圆柱滚子轴承热特性的试验研究

Experimental Study on Thermal Characteristics of Spacecraft Cylindrical Roller Bearings

为研究航天器圆柱滚子轴承的热失稳机制,设计一种电主轴驱动的悬臂支撑的轴承试验台,该试验台采用一端双向固定一端游动的支撑轴承,以协调主轴热变形,通过液压加载实现试验轴承的静态加载,采用端面喷油方式实现润滑和加热功能。以E2224HT型圆柱滚子轴承为测试对象,利用PRO/MECHANICA软件分析试验轴承发热情况下的热传导及其对主轴温度分布的影响,通过正交试验考察影响轴承发热的各种因素。试验结果表明:转速是影响轴承最高温度的最主要因素,转速和载荷都对轴承的温升速率有明显的影响,其中转速的影响更为显著。

In order to study thermal instability phenomenon of cylindrical roller bearings in a spindle driven and cantilever supported bearing test rig was designed.A pair of supported bearings spacecraft, an electric with one end fixed and another end freely traveling was used for the rig to adapt the thermal transform of the spindle.Hydraulic loading was adopt- ed as source of test bearing＇ s static load.Oil injection toward end face was adopted to achieve lubrication and heating func- tion.PRO/MECHANICA software was used to analyze the heat transfer and its influence on spindle temperature distribution in the heating test with E2224HT cylindrical roller bearings as a test object. Multi-related factors influencing the thermal characteristics of the test bearing were considered via further orthogonal experiments.Experimental results indicate that the rotating speed is the key factor to influence the maximum temperature of the test bearing, in addition, rotating speed and load have remarkable effect on the temperature change rate, and the speed effect is more notable.