废弃物施加对福州平原稻田土壤团聚体分布及其稳定性的影响

Effects of waste applications on the distribution and stability of soil aggregates in the paddy field of Fuzhou plain

为了阐明废弃物施加对稻田土壤团聚体分布及其稳定性的影响,以福州平原稻田为研究对象,对对照、石膏、贝壳、生物炭和炉渣5种处理样地0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm土层土壤团聚体分布及其稳定性,包括〉0.25 mm团聚体含量（DR0.25）、平均质量直径（MWD）、几何平均直径（GMD）、分形维数（D）进行了测定和分析.结果表明,与对照样地相比,石膏、贝壳、生物炭和炉渣施加后均增加了土壤团聚体DR0.25、MWD和GMD值,其中,石膏施加后土壤团聚体DR0.25、MWD和GMD值分别增加了12.76%、12.13%和12.17%,贝壳施加后分别增加了32.65%、31.83%和33.86%,生物炭施加后分别增加了12.07%、9.32%和11.70%,炉渣施加后分别增加了19.70%、13.59%和18.10%,但与对照样地相比,石膏、贝壳、生物炭和炉渣施加后土壤团聚体分形维数均表现为减小的趋势,分别减小了4.02%、11.65%、4.37%、9.29%.从土壤团聚体DR0.25、MWD、GMD值和分形维数的变化特征来看,石膏、贝壳、生物炭和炉渣施加均提高了土壤团聚体的稳定性.

In order to clarify the effects of waste application on the distribution and stability of soil aggregates in a paddy field in Fuzhou plain,the distribution and stability of soil aggregates,including 0.25 mm soil aggregates（DR0.25）,mean weight diameter（MWD）,geometric mean diameter（GMD）,and fractal dimension（D） of 0~10 cm,10~20 cm and 20~30 cm soil layers were determined in the control,gypsum,shells,biochar,and slag amendment plots.The results showed that DR0.25,MWD and GMD all increased in the amendment plots as compared with that of the control plots.Compared with the control plots,DR0.25,MWD and GMD of soil aggregate increased by 12.76%,12.13% and 12.17% after amendment of gypsum,32.65%,31.83% and 33.86% after amendment of shells,12.07%,9.32% and 11.7% after amendment of biochar,and 19.70%,13.59% and 18.10%after amendment of slag,respectively.However,compared with the control plots,the fractal dimensions decreased decreased by 4.02%,11.65%,4.37%and 9.29% after amendment of gypsum,shells,biochar,and slag,respectively.In terms of the DR0.25,MWD,GMD values and the variations of the fractal dimension of soil aggregates,the amendment of gypsum,shells,biochar and slag improved the stability of aggregates.