内蒙古锡林郭勒牧区发酵乳制品抗生素抗性基因多样性

Study on the antibiotic resistance genes diversity of fermented products in Inner Mongolia Xilin Gol pasturing area

【目的】研究锡林郭勒牧区发酵乳制品中的常见抗生素抗性基因丰度,揭示抗生素在当地的使用情况以及抗性基因对当地生态环境的污染程度,为后续探索环境中抗生素抗性基因来源、传播和扩散机制提供一定的数据基础。【方法】应用荧光定量PCR技术(q-PCR)对采集自内蒙古锡林郭勒牧区的6份传统发酵酸牛乳和5份酸马乳中的抗生素抗性基因进行绝对定量分析。【结果】22种常见抗性基因均有检出,绝对含量范围在(1.028±0.338)-(8.648±0.087)lg(copies/m L)之间。通过对比酸牛乳和酸马乳样品发现,前者红霉素类(erm B)、链霉素类(str A、str B)、万古霉素类(gyr A)、四环素类(tet O)、氟喹诺酮类(yidy)、氯霉素类(cat)抗性基因丰度显著高于后者(P<0.05),其余15种常见抗性基因丰度在两组样品之间无显著差异。【结论】发酵乳制品可能是潜在的抗性基因储存库,有必要对上市的发酵乳制品从表型和基因水平进行抗生素抗性分析。

[Objective] This study was aimed at revealing the usage condition of antibiotics at Xilin Gol pasturing area through researching on the diversity of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） in fermented dairy products. Furthermore, it will accumulate basic data for interpretating the mechanism of source, transmission and diffusion of antibiotics. [Methods] Quantitative polymerase chain reaction （q-PCR） was applied to quantify the abundance of resistance genes in fermented dairy product （6 of yoghurt and 5 of koumiss） collected in Xilin Gol pasturing area. [Results] Twenty-two ARGs were detected in nearly all samples, ranging from （1.028±0.338） to （8.648±0.087） lg（copies/mL）. By comparing the yoghurt and koumiss samples, the abundance of ermB, strA, strB, gyrA, tetO, yicty, cat genes in yoghurt were significantly higher than that of the latter （P〈0.05）. No significant differences were found in the abundance of the rest of fifteen ARGs between two groups of samples. [Conclusion] The study demonstrated that the fermented dairy products served as a reservoir of ARGs. It is necessary for us tostudy the antibiotic resistance of fermented dairy products from the phenotypic and genetic level.