农地转让权权能与城乡居民收入差距——基于劳动力转移中介机制的经验研究

Rural Land Transfer Rights and Rural-urban Income Disparity:Empirical Research from the Perspective of Labor Migration Mechanism

完整的农地转让权是农民获得财产性收入、缩小城乡居民收入差距的基础。该文通过构建带有农地转让权的城乡二元经济模型,利用1999-2012年的省级面板数据,探讨了农地转让权权能不足、劳动力转移与城乡居民收入差距之间的关系和作用机制。研究结果表明,在控制了其他潜在的影响城乡居民收入差距的多种因素以及有效解决内生性问题之后,发现农地转让权权能不足显著扩大了我国城乡居民的收入差距,而劳动力流动则具有缩小城乡居民收入差距的作用。该文认为,劳动力转移是联系农地转让权权能不足与城乡居民收入差距扩大的中介机制,农地转让权权能不足通过抑制劳动力转移这一中介机制进一步扩大了城乡居民的收入差距。因此,要缩小城乡居民收入差距,一个重要的方法是赋予农民完整的土地转让权,促进农村劳动力顺利向城市转移定居。

The complete rural land transfer right is the key to improving farmers＇ incomes and narrowing the rural-urban income disparity.Using the provincial panel data from 1999 to 2012,the paper constructs a dual economy model including rural land transfer rights,and studies the relationship between rural land transfer rights,labor migration and urban-rural inequality.The results indicate that the incomplete rural land transfer rights significantly expand the disparity in rural-urban income,while labor migration can narrow the rural-urban income gap.Furthermore,labor migration is a middle agent to link the incomplete rural land transfer rights with the urbanrural inequality. Meanwhile,incomplete rural land transfer rights will restrain rural labor migration.In order to narrow the rural-urban income gap,it is important to give farmers complete land transfer rights and promote the rural labor effective migration into cities.