空间目标的空基红外测量技术

Air-Based Infrared Radiation Measurement of Space Objects

地基红外测量系统由于受大气衰减和天空背景的影响,对空间目标的探测能力有限。针对此问题,提出了采用空基红外测量系统实现空间目标红外特性测量的设想,通过从决定红外测量系统探测能力的信噪比和调制对比度2个方面出发,推导出了红外测量系统作用距离公式。并利用大气传输软件计算了长波红外在不同高度下的大气透过率、天空背景,理论分析给出了不同高度的空基红外测量系统对不同辐射面积空间目标的探测距离。仿真结果表明,当空基平台高度大于10km时,长波红外不仅可以观测到光照区内的低轨空间目标,而且还可以观测到阴影区内辐射面积不小于40m^2的低轨空间目标。

The detection range of ground-based infrared measurement system to space objects is limited because of atmospheric attenuation and sky background brightness. To solve this problem, a proposed idea it to use air-based infrared measurement system measuring space object infrared characteristics. A formula of infrared measurement operating range is derived. Analysis is given on atmospheric attenuation and sky background brightness of long wave infrared at different heights based on LOWTRAN7. Through simulation to calculate the different heights of air- based infrared measuring system for different radiation area of space target detection range. Simulation results indi- cate that when air-based platform is higher than 10 km altitude, the long wave infrared can observe an effective radi- ation area of 40 m2 shadow zone of LEO space objects.