翻译与跨文化——解读(德)艾伯华《中国民间故事类型》的翻译经过、发现与意义(下)

Translation and Trans-culture: Rethinking the Experience,Discovery and Meaning of Translating Types of Chinese Folktales by Wolfram Eberhard(Continued)

提倡多元文化发展,涉及跨语言交流,需要翻译;涉及跨学科交流,需要文化翻译;涉及跨文化交流,需要跨文化研究。上世纪的很多翻译工作侧重跨语言翻译,但翻译中国故事类型是一项跨学科的工作,而中西学者在各自社会文化环境和学术传统中编制中国故事类型,及其产生的理论与方法的对话和争论,则是一种跨文化研究。艾伯华编撰的《中国民间故事类型》与围绕它展开的多国学术讨论,正是这种个案。此个案告诉我们,从翻译到跨文化研究并不是一条直路,而是要信息互通、伦理互守、文化互见、学术互动和方法互补。时下大力提倡跨文化研究,解读这个个案,总结前人的经验,有助于缩短从翻译到跨文化研究的距离,促进多元文化的相互了解与共同繁荣。

The development of multiculturalism involves trans-lingual communication and translation. Interdisciplinary communication requires cultural translation. Trans-cuhural communication relies on trans-cuhural study. The work of translation in the last century focuses mainly on trans-lingual translation; however, translating the types of Chinese folktales is an interdisciplinary work. When scholars from the West and the East compile the type of Chinese folktales based on their respective academic traditions in different social and cultural background, it is a kind of trans-cultural study in discussion and argument of the theory and research methodology.The case in point is the academic discussion on Types of Chinese Folktales by Wolfram Eberhard in different countries. It shows that there is no shortcut between translation and trans-cultural study. It needs information-sharing, mutual ethnic-observing, cultural-revealing, academic interaction and complementary methodology. Currently it is highly encouraged to interpret this case by trans-cuhural study. By summarizing the previous experiences, the distance between the translation and trans-cuhural study can be shortened so as to enhance the mutual understanding and multicultural diversity.