孕产妇焦虑抑郁情绪的相关因素及护理干预效果研究

Relevant factors and nursing intervention effects of anxiety and depression in pregnant and lying-in women

目的分析导致孕产妇产生焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关因素，并探讨有效的护理干预方法。方法将2013年6月～2014年3月在我院接受产前检查、分娩的100例孕产妇设为研究组，调查研究组孕产妇焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生情况及相关诱发因素，并根据调查结果制定护理干预措施。纳入2014年5月-2015年4月在我院接受产前检查、分娩的120例孕妇，随机分为干预组和一般组，仅对干预组实施干预措施，对比两组孕产妇妊娠期、产后的焦虑、抑郁状况。结果经调查发现妊娠期孕妇产生焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关因素包括担忧胎儿健康、担忧婴儿性别等，产后产妇产生焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关因素包括担心母乳喂养影响工作、产后恢复等。对干预组孕产妇实施干预措施后，经调查发现，干预组孕产妇妊娠期、产后1个月的SAS（焦虑自评量表）评分、SDS（抑郁自评量表）评分均较一般组孕产妇低（P〈0．05）。结论导致孕产妇产生焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关因素较多，临床加强对孕产妇的护理干预．能够有效改善孕产妇的心理状态，有利于降低孕产妇不良妊娠结局和产生并发症的发生率。

Objective To analyze the relevant factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant and lying-in women, and to discuss the effective of nursing intervening methods. Methods A total of 100 pregnant and lying-in women receiving antenatal examination and delivering in our center from June 2013 to March 2014 were selected as the study group. The incidence of anxiety and depression and relevant factors in the study group were investigated and intervening mea- sures were formulated according to the results of investigation. 120 pregnant and lying-in women receiving antenatal examination and delivering in our center from May 2014 to Aprii 2015 were selected and randomly divided into inter- vention group and general group. Only patients in the intervention group were given intervening measures. The anxiety and depression conditions of these patients during pregnancy and each time period after delivery were compared be- tween two groups. Results Relevant factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant women included worries about health of fetus and gender of fetus, while in lying-in women included worries about breast feeding affect work and postpartum recovery. In the intervention group, the self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） scores and self-rating depression scale （SDS） scores of those patients after intervention were significantly lower than those in the general group （P〈O.05）. Conclusion There are many relevant factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant and lying-in women. Strengthening intervention nursing can effectively improve the mental conditions of pregnant and lying-in women, thus help to reduce the incidence rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes and complications.