太湖西部入湖口沉积物中有机物分布及其潜在指示意义

Occurrence of Organic Pollutants in Sediments from Several River Mouths in Western Part of Taihu Lake and Their Potential Environmental Significance

太湖作为重要的工农业用水水源以及周边居民饮用水源,其水质安全受到高度关注。在太湖西部入湖口采集7个沉积物样品,研究了合成麝香、多环芳烃(PAHs)、有机磷酸酯阻燃剂/增塑剂(OPs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)含量水平和分布规律。研究结果表明,沉积物中多种污染物分布广泛,含量水平差异较大。其中,Σ15PAHs含量371 ng·g^(-1)~2.53$103ng·g^(-1),主要来源于生物质燃烧和化石燃料高温裂解;沉积物中检出4种多环麝香,主要组分为佳乐麝香(HHCB)(0.0792 ng·g^(-1)~1.17 ng·g^(-1))和吐纳麝香(AHTN)(0.123 ng·g^(-1)~1.29 ng·g^(-1)),它们指示了太湖水体已遭受一定程度生活污水输入影响;沉积物中Σ6OPs含量范围为1.63 ng·g^(-1)~21.9 ng·g^(-1),主要污染组分为磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯(TCPP)和磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(TCEP),并呈现明显的点源排放特征;沉积物中六六六系列(HCHs)(0.310 ng·g^(-1)~1.11 ng·g^(-1))和滴滴涕系列(DDTs)(0.551 ng·g^(-1)~6.40 ng·g^(-1))主要来源于历史残留。位于太滆流域的几个入湖口沉积物中多种污染物含量多高于浙江省辖区3个入湖口沉积物。

Water quality of Taihu Lake, serving as industrial and agricultural use as well as drinking water resource for inhabitants surrounding Taihu Lake, is of great concern. Seven sediments from the Western part of Taihu Lakeadjacent to several river mouths were collected and analyzed for their occurrence and concentrations of four groups of organic pollutants, including synthetic musks, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）, organophosphate esters（OPs） and organochlorine pesticides（OCPs）. Most of the targeted compounds were frequently detected in sediments with concentrations varying significantly. Levels of Σ15PAHs were in the range of 371 n·g^（-1）～ 2.53 ×10^3ng·g^（-1）,which were originated mainly from biomass burning and fuel pyrolysis. Four synthetic musks were detected with HHCB（0.0792 ng·g^（-1）～ 1.17 ng·g^（-1）） and AHTN（0.123 ng·g^（-1）～ 1.29 ng·g^（-1）） as main components, which indicated that surface water in the Taihu Lake was polluted by domestic sewage. Six OPs analytes were measured at concentrations ranged from 1.63 ng·g^（-1）to 21.9 ng·g^（-1）, with TCPP and TCEP as dominant ones. Meanwhile, OCPs were found in all the sediments, with the concentrations of DDTs and HCHs varied in the range of 0.551 ng·g^（-1）～ 6.40 ng·g^（-1）and 0.310 ng·g^（-1）～ 1.11 ng·g^（-1）, respectively. The results indicated that concentrations of these pollutants in sediments adjacent to Taige Canal were higher than those located in Zhejiang Province.