十溴二苯乙烷对草鱼幼鱼肝脏和肌肉组织氧化应激效应的影响

Oxidative Stress Effects of Decabromodiphenylethane on the Liver and Muscle Tissues of Juvenile Grass Carp( Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)是目前在全球范围内广泛使用的新型溴代阻燃剂,其环境风险已引起广泛关注,但目前仍缺乏针对水生生物的毒性研究数据。作者通过饲料中添加十溴二苯乙烷暴露的方式对草鱼幼鱼进行长期暴露实验,研究500、1 000和3 000 mg·kg^(-1)三个饲料添加剂量暴露组和1个对照组长期暴露对草鱼幼鱼肝脏和肌肉组织中氧化应激酶(SOD、CAT和GSH-PX)活性和抗氧化物质(GSH)含量的影响。结果显示:暴露8周后,随着DBDPE暴露水平的升高,草鱼幼鱼肝脏组织中氧化应激酶(SOD、CAT和GSH-PX)和抗氧化物质(GSH)均表现出低浓度诱导及高浓度抑制的效应。500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组草鱼幼鱼肝脏组织中SOD、CAT和GSH-PX活性和GSH含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且均在500 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组达到最高。3 000 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组SOD、CAT和GSH-PX活性和GSH含量低于500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)暴露组,但与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。草鱼幼鱼肌肉组织中氧化应激酶活性变化甚微,3个浓度剂量组肌肉组织中SOD、CAT活性和GSH含量以及500 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组GSH-PX活性与对照组均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究成果表明DBDPE暴露影响草鱼幼鱼肝脏组织的抗氧化防御系统,可以诱导草鱼幼鱼产生氧化应激效应。

The risk of decabromodiphenyl ethane（DBDPE） has become a raising concern due to its wide use as a brominated flame retardant, however, the toxicity of DBDPE on aquatic species was rarely studied. The effects ofDBDPE on the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX and GSH content in liver and muscle tissues of juvenile grass carp（Ctenopharyngodon idellus） were investigated by feeding the fish with food contaminated at three concentration of 500, 1 000 and 3 000 mg·kg^（-1）. In addition, a control group was also included. Results showed that the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX and GSH content in the tissues of fish were all enhanced at low concentration but inhibited at high concentration after 8-week exposure to DBDPE. The activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX and GSH content in the liver tissues of the grass carp being exposed to DBDPE at 500 and 1 000 mg·kg^（-1）were significantly higher than the control（P〈0.05）, and the highest activities were observed at the exposure concentration of 500 mg·kg^（-1）.Conversely, the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX and GSH content in the liver tissues of the fish being exposed to 3 000 mg·kg^（-1）were not significantly different from the control（P〈0.05）. The effects of DBDPE on the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX and GSH content in the muscle tissues were limited. There was no significant difference between the activities of DBDPE-exposed and control groups（P〈 0.05）. It was concluded that DBDPE exposure would induce oxidative stress in the liver tissues of juvenile grass carp.