抗战时期英国驻重庆使领馆的变迁

The Transition of British Embassy and Consulates in Chongqing During the Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期的中英关系,以1941年12月太平洋战争的爆发为界,大致可分为两个阶段。而伴随着中英关系的起伏,英国驻重庆使领馆也发生了较大变化。1937年11月,国民政府作出西迁重庆的决议,随即英国驻华大使馆人员离开南京转赴武汉,最终又迁往重庆。虽然在1938-1943年日军对重庆进行大轰炸过程中,英国驻重庆使领馆损失惨重,并经历搬迁。但无论是以英国驻华大使卡尔、薛穆等为代表的中英官方交往,还是以李约瑟、英国议会访华团等为代表的中英民间交往,围绕着英国驻重庆使领馆这个舞台,都为维系战时中英关系作出了贡献。而英国大使馆抗战时期迁移重庆的这段经历,也成为重庆与英国发展友好关系的重要历史渊源。

With the watershed event of the outbreak of the Pacific War in December 1941 ,the Sino-UK relations during the Anti-Japanese war can be divided into two stages. And with the ups and downs of Sino-UK relations, the British Embassy and Consulates in Chongqing also changed greatly. In November 1937, the National Government made a decision to move to the West of Chongqing, then the staffs of British Embassy left Nanjing to Wuhan, and finally transferred to Chongqing. Although the British Embassy got substantial damages and experienced relocation during the Japanese bombing to Chongqing in 1938-1943,the Sino-UK official exchange with the representatives of British ambassadors Sir Archibald Clark Kerr and Sir Horace James Seymour, and unofficial exchange with the representatives of Joseph Needham and British Parliamentary delegation to China, both made a contribution to maintaining the wartime Sino-UK relations. And the experience of the British Embassy and Consulate＇s transferring to Chongqing also became an important historical origin of developing the friendship between Chongqing and UK.