文艺生产社会效益与经济效益辨析

A Discrimination of Social Benefit and Economic Benefit of Literary Production

文艺生产的社会效益相比于其他物质生产行业有其特殊性。文艺产品具有精神与物质双重属性,其社会效益的特殊性在于满足人民群众健康的娱乐需求、知识与教育需求、激发爱国主义精神与民族自豪感、培养良好的道德品质,还在于传承中华优秀传统文化、弘扬社会主义核心价值观、增强民族凝聚力、提升国家文化软实力和增进国民美育等。这种特殊性是由于文艺产品具有意识形态属性,它有着明确的精神目的,同时也是由文艺创作的客观规律决定的。文艺生产社会效益与经济效益之间辩证的对立统一关系也具有特殊的呈现方式,既有初级阶段,即对立阶段、冲突阶段;也有高级阶段,即统一阶段、融合阶段。这要求文艺生产要始终将社会效益放在首位,努力消除社会效益与经济效益的对立,实现二者关系向高级阶段转变。这一根本要求是由文艺的本质、文艺的特殊地位与作用、文艺的特殊生产发展规律、我国的文化传统以及我国的社会主义制度等多方面因素决定的。而要确保文艺生产始终把社会效益放在首位,政府要从体制上设定,在政策上引导,从法制上保障;行业主体要在发展机制上、规则上、自律上实践;全社会要形成共识,发挥社会组织和公民参与的积极作用。文艺生产只有坚持把社会效益放在首位,协调社会效益与经济效益的关系,才能有助于弘扬社会主义核心价值观,有助于建设社会主义精神文明,有助于增强我国的文化软实力,实现中华民族的伟大复兴。

Literary products have both spiritual and material attributes. And its social benefit specially lies in satisfying people＇s amusement, knowledge, education needs and inspiring their national pride, cultivating a nice moral qualities, and inheriting excellent traditional Chinese culture, publicizing socialist core values, enforcing national cohesion, and promoting national cultural soft power and enforcing civilians＇ aesthetic education. The dialectic relationship between social benefit and economic benefit of literary production also has different presentation means ： it sometimes conflicts, and it sometimes integrates. This demands that literary production should always take social benefit as the first thing, and try best to eliminate the opposition between social benefit and economic benefit. In order to put so- cial benefit on the first, the government should set up from system, and guide in policy, and safeguard in legal sys- tem. And the professional subject should practice in system, principle, and autonomy. And the whole society should form a consensus so as to give a positive play to citizens and social organization.