离子液体和聚离子液体固相微萃取涂层制备及应用进展

Progress of Preparation and Applications of Ionic Liquid and Polymeric Ionic Liquid-Based Sorbent Coating in Solid-Phase Microextraction

固相微萃取(Solid-phase microextraction,SPME)技术因其具有操作简单、萃取时间短、无需有机溶剂、易于自动化操作等优点,成为近年来发展起来的一种新型样品前处理技术。涂层是SPME技术的核心,决定了涂层萃取的选择性和容量。离子液体和聚离子液体因具有环境友好、蒸汽压低、热稳定性好、设计灵活、粘度大等特点,已作为一类新的涂层材料广泛应用于SPME,并对各种分析物均展现出良好的萃取效果和选择性。本文从制备技术、形貌、选择性、稳定性、寿命、应用等方面综述了近年来离子液体和聚离子液体基SPME涂层的研究进展,对它们的优缺点进行了对比讨论,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。

Solid-phase microextraction（ SPME） has been developed rapidly as a new sample pretreatment technique due to its simplicity,short duration,easy automation,and solvent-free properties. Coating is the core of SPME technique,which determines the selectivity and extraction capacity of analysis. Ionic liquids（ ILs） and polymeric ionic liquids（ PILs）,which possess unique properties such as environment-friendliness,negligible vapor pressure,good thermal stability,design flexibility,high viscosity and so on,have been exploited as sorbent coatings in SPME for various analytes, exhibiting excellent extraction effect and unique selectivity. This paper comprehensively reviewed the progress of IL and PIL-based sorbent coatings in SPME in the following aspects,characteristics of preparation,coating morphology,selectivity,stability and coating lifetime and applications for the past few years. Then,the advantages and disadvantages of this technology were discussed. Finally,the improving direction of the preparation and applications of IL and PIL-based sorbent coatings in SPME were prospected.