男性重刑犯乐观人格倾向及与攻击行为的关系

The relationship between optimistic personality and aggressive behavior among male felons

目的为了解男性重刑犯乐观人格倾向及与攻击行为的关系。方法采用整群随机抽样抽取贵州省某监狱408名男性重刑犯,以《生活定向测验修订版问卷》和《攻击行为问卷》为研究工具,统计方法采用描述性统计、差异检验、相关分析和回归分析等。结果男性重刑犯乐观人格不高,呈现较矛盾的心态(乐观倾向0.32,乐观3.48,悲观3.15)。不同乐观倾向的重刑犯在愤怒(F=7.539,P<0.01)、敌意(F=9.785,P<0.01)和躯体攻击(F=3.922,P<0.05)差异有统计学意义。攻击行为与乐观呈负相关(r=-0.077^-0.125),与悲观呈正相关(r=0.036~0.203)。敌意对悲观有显著的正向预测作用(R_(adj)~2=0.039,β=0.242),愤怒与言语攻击对乐观有显著的负向预测作用(R_(adj)~2=0.035,β值分别为-0.212、-0.187)。结论乐观人格倾向对攻击行为有一定的影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between optimistic personality and aggressive behavior among male felons. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used, and 408 male felons from a prison in Guizhou Province investigated by using Life of Orientation Questionnaire-Test Revision and Aggression Questionnaire. Statistical methods in- cluded descriptive statistical method, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used. Results The score of optimistic personality of male felons was not high, and showed ambivalence status （ optimistic tendency 0. 32, optimistic 3.48, pessi- mistic 3.15 ）. Felons with different optimistic tendencies had statistically significant difference in anger （ F = 7. 539, P 〈 0. 01 ）, hostility （ F = 9. 785, P 〈 0. 01 ） and physical assault （ F = 3.922, P 〈 0.05 ）. Aggressive behavior had a nega- tive correlation with optimism （r = -0. 077 ～ -0. 125 ）, positively correlated with pessimism （r = 0. 036 -0. 203 ）. Hos- tility bad significant positive effect to pessimism （R2adj = 0. 039, β = 0. 242 ） , anger and verbal attacks was significant nega- tive predictor to optimism （R2adj = 0. 035, β = - 0. 212, - 0. 187）. Conclusion Optimistic personality had some influ- ence on aggressive behavior.