摩擦对平纹织物防弹性能影响的研究进展

Research progress on influence of friction on ballistic performance of flexible materials

在明确柔性材料防弹原理的基础上,从有限元建模分析和弹道测试2个方面,对弹丸与试样间摩擦、纱线与纱线间摩擦作用的运行机制进行了概述,分析了摩擦在弹丸能量吸收过程中起到的直接与间接作用,并且总结了提高摩擦性能的常用手法。研究发现:提升弹丸与材料之间的摩擦有利于材料应变能和动能的吸收,提升纱线间的摩擦有利于防止纱线滑移和扩大能量吸收区域的面积;纤维表面改性技术可使纤维间摩擦性能得到显著的提升,但很难满足产业化的需要;将纱罗组织与平纹组织相结合,可增大纬纱的摩擦包角,提升其纬向握持力。相比于表面改性过的纤维材料,纱罗/平纹复合组织能够在全自动织机上制备,可解决批量生产、人力成本过高等技术难题。

Based on the understanding of the response of flexible materials upon ballistic impact,by finite element analysis and ballistic test,this paper reviews the working mechanisms of projectile-material and yarn-yarn friction in ballistic protection,investigates the direct and indirect influence of friction on projectile energy absorption,and summarizes the common approaches for frictional increase.It has been found that increasing the projectile-material friction leads to an increase in material kinetic and strain energy absorption,and increasing yarn-yarn friction avoids yarn slippage and enlarges the energy absorption area;it has also been claimed that,although an increase in friction could be obtained using fiber-surface-modification-based technology,treated fabric is difficult to massively produce;and incorporation of leno structure into plain weave increases the wrapping angle of the weft yarns,leading to an improvement on yarn gripping.In addition,structure-modification-based-technology could be achieved on the power loom,solving the problems of mass production and overhigh labor cost.