英国优生运动的背景、发展与影响

The Background,Development and Influence of British Eugenics Movement

20世纪上半叶的英国优生运动是中上层阶级以优生学名义解决人口、经济与社会问题的一种尝试。优生学者试图通过宣传优生知识,推动优生立法,提高中上层阶级生育率,降低社会"不适者"生育率,进而增强英吉利民族的国民效率。虽然优生运动在英国最终失败,但它对英国中上层阶级的思维方式、社会政策以及福利国家建设产生重要影响。

British eugenics movement in the first half of the 20th century was originally an attempt to deal with the problem of population, economy and society by middle and upper class in the name of eugenics. In order to strengthened national efficiency of English, eugenicists tried to spread knowledge of eugenics, make eugenics taws, enhance the fertility of middle and upper class and reduce the fertility of social ＂unfit＂. Although eugenics movement failed, it made a lasting impact on the thinking way of British middle and upper class, social policy and the construction of the welfarestate.