长链非编码RNA在肝细胞癌中的临床研究进展

Research advances in diagnostic and therapeutic application of long - chain non - coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcmoma

近年来，肝细胞癌（HCC）的发病率和死亡率呈增长趋势，HCC已成为严重威胁人类健康的恶性肿瘤之一。我国是乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）中度流行区，同时也是HBV相关HCC的重灾区。当前临床应用于肝癌诊断的方法主要是甲胎蛋白（AFP）及B型超声，但二者在早期肝癌以及小肝癌诊断方面的价值有限。HCC的当前治疗手段主要针对肿瘤本身而未从肿瘤发生机制方面进行干预，因此均面临5年生存率低，复发率高等问题。近年研究表明长链非编码RNA（1ncRNAs）与HCC发生和发展密切相关，有望成为HCC新的诊断标志物和治疗靶点。现就lncRNAs在HCC的诊断、转移、治疗、复发和预后方面的应用前景进行综述。

In recent years, hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） has become one of the serious health- threatening malignancies worldwide, and its incidence and mortality rates continue to rise. Hepatitis B （HBV） is moderately endemic in China, with enormous numbers of HBV-related HCC cases. Although serum alphafetoprotein （AIP） and ultrasound are the major diagnostic methods for HCC, they have limited application for screening out early or small HCC. The current management of HCC is based on tumor size and location, not on suppressing tumorigenesis, and therefore patients are often faced with low 5-year survival and high relapse rates. Recent studies have shown that long-chain non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） are closely associated with HCC tumorigenesis, which may have considerable utility as new diagnostic marker and treatment target for HCC. Here, we review the application of lncRNAs in the diagnosis, metastasis, treatment, recurrence, and prognosis of HCC.