对中国与巴西全面战略伙伴关系的认识

Demystifying the China-Brazil Relations

巴西是最早与中国建立战略伙伴关系的国家。自1993年建立战略伙伴关系以来,中巴两国在各个领域的合作与交往日益增多。除经贸、科技、文化、教育及军事等领域以外,两国在联合国、世界贸易组织、二十国集团、金砖国家等国际组织和多边机制中也有密切的合作,并在国际金融体系改革、多边贸易体制、气候变化以及南南合作等问题上保持着良好沟通与协调。巴西政府一贯坚持一个中国政策,在台湾、涉藏等重大核心利益问题上给予中国理解和支持。但是,巴西在中巴经贸关系、中国对巴西直接投资意愿以及人民币汇率等方面对中国也存有误解。这些误解低估了中国与巴西经贸关系的互补性。中巴双边关系在快速发展的同时也时常受到这些误解的困扰。当然,中巴关系中存在一些问题也是正常的,因为在客观上受到经贸摩擦频繁、相互了解不够、文化差异巨大以及地理上相隔遥远等因素的影响。由于两国在经贸合作领域具有显著的互补性、两国政府和人民拥有进一步加深合作的政治愿望以及两国在联合国改革、二十国集团及金砖国家等多边舞台上的广泛合作,中巴双边关系的发展前景无疑是美好的。

Relations between China and Brazil have been developing rapidly, covering almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations： there is a brewing tension between China and Brazil that people don＇t fully appreciate; China only wants to import raw materials from Brazil and does not wish to make direct investment there; China＇s imports of Brazil＇s raw materials have made it hard for the South American nation to escape the ＂Dutch Disease＂ or the so-called trap of ＂resource cursing＂; the value of the Renminbi （RMB）, the Chinese currency, is kept too low, thus putting Brazil in an unfavorable position to compete with China; Brazilian manufacturers are getting killed by cheap Chi- nese imports that make Brazil＇s industry uncompetitive in the global marketplace and at home; China＇s market is not widely open to Brazil; China does not support Brazil＇s effort to become a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council; and, China and Brazil are scrambling for Africa. Apparently, in order to further promote the China-Brazil relations, the above-mentioned myths must be defused.