我国倍比罚金制参照系之反思与重构——以刑事立法协调为视角

Reflection and Reconstruction of Times-ratio Fine Reference System——From the Perspective of Criminal Legislation Coordination

参照系是我国罚金刑中倍比罚金制确定罚金刑数额的决定因素。而我国《刑法》确定罚金刑参照系不具有协调性,同类犯罪参照系不同一,易出现同罪异罚、异罪同罚等不良现象,导致罪刑相适应原则落空,损害了公平正义价值。犯罪对象金额能最大限度地反映社会危害性大小,且具有易确定等优势,能较好地保证罚金刑立法的内容与形式的协调,应作为罚金刑参照系。唯一例外则是泄露内幕信息罪因其犯罪对象不具有可计算性,无法衡量其社会危害性大小,因此宜以非法所得作为罚金刑参照系。

Reference system is a decisive factor for the times-ratio fine of fine penalty in determining theamount of fine penalty in our country. And Criminal Law of our country does not have coordination indetermining the reference system of fine penalty. Reference system discrepancy for the same kind ofcrime tends to have such unhealthy phenomena as same crime with different punishment or differentcrime with same punishment, which may lead to the failure of the principle of suiting punishment tocrime and to the damage of the value of fairness and justice. The amount of the object of crime shouldbe the reference system of fine penalty as it can furthest reflect the size of social harmfulness, has theadvantage of easy determination and can well guarantee the coordination of the content and form of finepenalty legislation. The only exception is the crime of divulging inside information because the object ofcrime does not have computability and its social hazard cannot be measured. Therefore illegal income isappropriate to be the reference system of fine penalty.