云南西部地区居民区小型兽类携带病原体检测

Pathogen infection of small mammals from households in Western Yunnan Province

目的了解云南西部地区居民区小型兽类携带病原体情况,为自然疫源性疾病的防治提供科学依据。方法在滇西地区8个州(市)中抽取的10个县(市、区)40个自然村中,随机抽取800户家庭(每村20户),进行室内捕鼠,采集鼠脾脏标本并提取基因组DNA,鼠肺标本提取RNA,运用聚合酶链反应(PCR)或免疫学方法,检测鼠疫、巴尔通体、伯氏疏螺旋体、巴贝西原虫、人粒细胞无形体、埃立克体、汉坦病毒等病原体。结果捕获9种421只小型兽类,采集脏器样本404份,血清样本325份。检出鼠疫F1抗体两种方法共同阳性血清1份;扩增到巴尔通体枸橼酸合酶(gltA)基因64份,阳性率为15.84%,基因分析表明属6种基因型;检出伯氏疏螺旋体5S^23S rRNA间隔区基因5份,阳性率为1.24%,系统发育树显示均为Borrelia afzelii型;检出1例复合感染。其余病原体检测均为阴性。结论滇西地区室内小型兽类感染病原体种类多,分布广,对人类健康有一定的危害,需加强监测并采取预防控制措施。

The situation of pathogen infection for small mammals from households in Western Yunnan Province was investi- gated to provide scientific basis for natural focal diseases control and prevention. Small mammals were captured in 800 house- holds of 40 natural villages, 10 counties, 8 prefectures, in Western of Yunnan Province. DNA or RNA of specimen from small mammals were extracted and detected plague, Bartonella, Borrelia burgdorferi, BABEl West protozoa, Anaplasrna phago- cytophilum, Ehrlichia, and Hantavirus with renal syndrome using PCR or other methods. Results showed that a total of 421 small mammals, belongs to 9 species, was captured. Of 404 viscera specimens and 325 serum specimens were collected, one serum specimen was positive for plague F1 antibody. Sixty- four gltA gene of Bartonella was amplified by PCR and the positive rate was 15.84% （64/404）. Gene analysis showed that 6 gene types for Bartonella infection were found. The 5S-23S rRNA gene of Borrelia burgdorferi was amplified by PCR and the positive rate was 1.24% （5/404）. Phylogenetic tree showed that they were Borrelia afzelii gene type. One small mammal tended to complex infection. Others were neg- ative. In households of Western Yunnan Province, different types of pathogen infections exist in small mammals and there are potential hazard for human. Diseases surveillance should be strengthened and measures of control and prevention need to be implemented.