城市化与服务业集聚的相互空间效应研究——基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析

Research of the Mutual Spatial Effect of Urbanization and the Service Industry Agglomeration——Based on the Empirical Analysis of Chinese Provincial Panel Data

城市化与服务业集聚之间存在着双重乘数效应,其通过产业间联系实现城市化发展和产业集聚的交互作用。基于1985—2013年中国省级面板数据,在对东中西部地区城市化水平和服务业集聚程度的测算基础上,通过构建联立方程模型,分别对1985—1996年、1997—2007年、2008—2013年东中西部地区的城市化与服务业集聚相互空间效应,进行三阶段最小二乘回归研究。结果表明:中国东中西部地区不同阶段的城市化与服务业集聚空间效应的相关性均存在差异,中西部地区的服务业集聚程度相较东部地区要低,在城市化发展水平上也呈现出类似特点。各个发展阶段中的资源要素供给和市场规模潜力对服务业集聚影响基本为正向促进作用,对外开放对服务业集聚空间效应不明显,基础设施中的公路建设相比铁路建设给城市化带来的效应更大,工业化水平的影响则与当地经济增长和产业结构调整相关。

There is a double multiplier effect existing between urbanization and the agglomeration of service industry,which interacts the development of urbanization and industrial agglomeration through links among industries. This article,based on Chinese provincial panel data from 1985 to 2013 and the calculation of the urbanization level and the agglomeration degree of service industry in the east,central and west China region,is dedicated to conduct least square regression research of the urbanization in different stages,and the spatial effect of service industry agglomeration in the east,central and west China region from1985—1996,1997—2007,2008—2013 respectively by building a simultaneous equation model. The results are shown as followed： the correlation differences of the urbanization in different stages and the spatial effect of service industry agglomeration exist. The agglomeration degree of service industry in the midwest region is lower than that of the east region,which is also the case of the development of urbanization. Both the resource factors supply in various stages and the potential of the scale market positively affect the effect of service industry agglomeration,but the policy of opening to the outside world has unapparent influence on the spatial effect of service industry agglomeration. The road construction brings more influence on urban areas than the railway construction does. The influence of industrialization level is affected by the local economic growth and the adjustment of the industrial structure.