农业技术进步、吸收能力约束与农业技术效率研究——基于随机前沿分析

Agricultural Technical Progress,Absorption Capacity Constraint and Agricultural Technical Efficiency——Based on Stochastic Frontier Analysis

在资源约束趋紧和农业劳动力转移的背景下,农业增产更多依靠农业技术进步,农业技术转化与应用是农业技术进步的关键环节,技术吸收能力越来越成为制约农业技术转化效率的主要因素,故研究吸收能力约束意义重大。本文利用2000—2013年中国30个省份的投入与产出的面板数据,采用随机前沿分析方法来研究吸收能力约束对农业生产技术效率的影响。研究表明,中国农业生产存在明显的技术效率损失;中国各个地区技术效率差异明显,吸收能力约束可以很好地解释地区间的农业技术效率和农业增长差异;选取的代理变量基本显著,表明吸收能力约束对农业技术效率有显著影响,即减少吸收能力约束对农业技术效率和农业生产有促进作用。

Under the background of tighter resource constraint and agricultural labor transfer,the increase of agricultural production depends on agricultural technical progress. Transformation and application of agricultural technology is the core of the agricultural technical progress,and the technical absorptive capacity is becoming the main factor to restrict the agricultural technical efficiency. According to the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2013,we use the SFA method to study the impact of absorptive capacity constraint on technical efficiency of agricultural production. The results show that there is obvious technical efficiency loss in China＇s agricultural production; technical efficiency is diverse in different districts,while the absorptive capacity constraint explains the efficiency of agricultural technology and growth in different areas; the proxy variables prove that the absorptive capacity constraint affects significantly the agricultural technical efficiency,in other words,reducing the absorption capacity constraint can accelerate the efficiency of agricultural technology and agricultural production.