新疆主栽核桃品种抗寒性分析

A Study on Cold Resistance of Main Walnut Varieties in Xinjiang

以新疆主栽核桃品种温185、新2、露仁、扎343的1年生枝条为材料,通过低温梯度（-15、-18、-21、-24、-27、-30、-33、-36℃）处理12h,测定各品种枝条电解质外渗率、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量等生理指标,利用隶属函数法对4个新疆主栽核桃品种抗寒性进行了综合评价。结果表明,随温度的降低,测定指标都出现S形变化趋势。其中,扎343、露仁枝条的电解质外渗率和可溶性糖含量-30℃时达到峰值,然后降低,可溶性蛋白含量峰值在-27℃时出现,脯氨酸含量峰值出现较早,扎343枝条的脯氨酸含量在-18℃时达到峰值,露仁枝条的脯氨酸含量在-21℃时达到峰值;新2枝条的相对电解质外渗率和脯氨酸含量在-30℃时达到峰值,然后降低,可溶性糖含量在-21℃时达到峰值,可溶性蛋白质含量在-27℃时达到峰值;温185的电解质外渗率和可溶性糖含量在-36℃时达到峰值,可溶性蛋白质含量在-24℃时达到峰值,脯氨酸含量在-18℃时达到峰值。根据综合评判结果,核桃品种温185、新2、露仁、扎343的平均隶属度为0.413～0.497,4个核桃品种的抗寒性排序为：新2〉温185〉露仁〉扎343。

The Xinjiang main walnut varieties Wen185,Xin2,Luren,Zha343 of Annual branches were applied as test material,the content of electrolyte leakage rate of branches from different varieties,soluble protein,porline were measured by different low temperature gradient treatment for 12h（-15℃,-18℃,-21 ℃,-24 ℃,-27 ℃,-30 ℃,-33 ℃,-36 ℃）,the cold resistance of main walnut varieties in Xinjiang were evaluated comprehensively.The result showed that with the decreasing of temperature,there were S-shaped curve in measured indicators,among which Za343,the electrolyte leakage rate of branch Luren and soluble sugar content reached maximum value at-30 ℃,and then decreased.The maximum value of soluble protein content appeared at-27 ℃,the maximum value of electrolyte leakage rate and soluble sugar content of Wen185 appeared at-36℃,that of soluble protein content appeared at-24℃,that of proline content appeared at-18 ℃.According to the result of comprehensive evaluation in the above four varieties,the sequence of Wen185,Xin2,Luren,Za343 of walnut varieties were as follows：Xin2Wen185LurenZha343.