海南昌化铅锌矿废弃地重金属污染评价及其空间分布特征

Pollution Evaluation and Spatial Distribution Characteristic of Heavy Metals in Lead-zinc Abandoned Mine in Hainan Changhua

通过对海南昌化铅锌矿废弃地采集的56份土壤样品进行分析,并对其重金属含量进行测定,采用内梅罗污染指数法与潜在生态风险指数法进行污染评价,运用克里金插值法进行空间分布分析。结果表明,废弃地重金属镉(Cd)污染程度最高,铅(Pb)与锌(Zn)次之,均超过国家三级标准值;从内梅罗综合指数来看,废弃地土壤重金属污染达到重度污染级别;从生态风险角度分析,废弃地重金属潜在生态风险达到重度风险级别;从克里金插值结果来看,废弃地表层土壤污染最小的地方均在废弃地东北部地区以及西南部河流尾段处,而污染最严重的地方集中在尾矿库东部、服务区、居民点、河流中段以及河流转弯处。

The heavy metal contents in soil of lead-zinc abandoned mine in Changhua town of Hainan province was measured. The models of Nemerow pollution index and potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate these elements, and the spatial distribution of lead-zinc abandoned mine soil heavy metals were analyzed by Kriging interpolation. The results showed that contents of Cd, Pb and Zn were higher than the restriction in environmental quality standard for soils GB15618-1995. Comparing with the Nemerow pollution index, result from the abandoned soil reached severe pollution level. The abandoned soil was in high degree through ecological risk evaluation. Then according to the Kriging interpolation, it indicated that the most polluted places were mainly in service area, residential, the middle of the river and the east of the tailing pond.