不同钾肥施用量与桃果实生长发育动态及果实品质的相关性

Correlation of Potassic Fertilize Dosage with Vegetative Growth and Fruit Quality of Peach

以桃[Prunus persica（L.）Batsch]品种新川中岛（P.persica cv.Atalasi Kawanakajima）为试材,连续3年（2012~2014年）研究不同钾肥施用量与果实生长发育动态和品质的相关性。结果表明,不同施钾量与果实缝合线横径发育全程生长量生长高峰期次数呈极显著正相关,与果实纵径发育全程生长量生长高峰期次数呈正相关,与果实横径发育全程生长量、果实纵径日生长量、果实缝合线横径日生长量的生长高峰期次数呈显著正相关,与果实横径日生长量生长高峰期次数呈显著负相关。不同施钾量与桃成熟果实果形指数变化率和果汁含糖量呈极显著正相关,与果形指数呈显著正相关,与单果重呈正相关。综合效果以株施0.45 kg硫酸钾复合肥组合的最好,其次是株施0.60 kg硫酸钾复合肥组合的效果。建议在桃生产上把不同钾肥施用量作为肥培管理和果实品质优化的重要依据,为桃在立地条件下制定科学的栽培技术和管理措施提供参考。

Using peach[Prunus persica（L.） Batsch] cultivar P. persica cv. Atalasi Kawanakajima as test materials, the relevance of potassic fertilize dosage to fruit growth dynamics and quality was studied for hree consecutive years（2012 to 2014）.Results show that potassic fertilize dosage was very significantly positively correlated with the appearance time of growth peaks of total increment of fruit suture vertical diameter, positively correlated with the appearance time of growth peaks of total increment of fruit longitudinal diameter significantly positively correlated with the appearance time of growth peaks of total increment of fruit vertical diameter, daily increment of fruit longitudinal diameter, daily increment of fruit suture vertical diameter; significantly negatively correlated with the appearance time of growth peaks of daily increment of fruit vertical diameter.Potassic fertilize dosage was very significantly positively correlated with the changing rate of ripe peach fruit shape index and juice sugar content,significantly positively correlated with fruit shape index, positively correlated with fruit weight. Comprehensive effect of 0.45 kg K2SO4 compound fertilizer was the best, followed by 0.60 kg K2SO4 compound fertilizer. It was suggested that considering the potassic fertilize dosage as important basis of fertilizer management and fruit quality optimization of peach production, and provide reference for drafting scientific cultivation and management measures under site conditions.