水培番茄滤床-折流板式潜流湿地深度净化农村生活污水

Characteristics of hydroponic tomato filter bed-baffled subsurface flow constructed wetland for treating domestic wastewater

研究开发了一种水培番茄滤床-折流板式潜流人工湿地组合式生态系统,用以接纳经厌氧生物滤池-跌水充氧生物接触氧化装置处理后的农村生活污水,验证该组合式生态系统无土栽培番茄同时深度净化生活污水的可行性。近5个月新建中试系统运行结果表明:番茄对生活污水尾水有良好的适应性,在进水COD、NH+4、TN、TP分别为54.4、10.8、26.9和2.24 mg·L^(-1)的条件下,组合生态系统出水达到了《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准,收获番茄12.7 kg·m-2,番茄果实中未出现重金属超标现象。折流板式潜流湿地种植的3种景观植物美人蕉、再力花和常绿鸢尾均长势良好,平均株高分别达到了235.2、242.6和68.1 cm。通过实验结果认为,番茄对农村生活污水有较强的适应力和较好的净化效果,可与潜流人工湿地组合有效深度处理农村生活污水尾水,同时产生一定经济效益。

A combined ecosystem consisting of a tomato filter bed and subsurface flow constructed wetland was designed during this research,where the effluent from an anaerobic biological filter,water-dropping aeration biological contact oxidation devices was fed,and the feasibility of simultaneous soilless culture of tomato and deep purification of sewage was evaluated. Nearly 5 months of operating results from the newly-built system showed that the tomatoes had good adaptability to the treated sewage,and the effluent from the ecosystem met the class B emission standard of China＇s Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard（ GB 18918-2002）,with concentrations of influent COD,NH＋4,TN,and TP of 54. 4,10. 8,26. 9 and 2. 24 mg·L^-1,respectively. Tomato production was 12. 7 kg · m^- 2with no heavy metal concentration exceeding its standard.Three kinds of landscape plants Canna,Thalia dealbata,and Iris hexagonus grew well in the baffled subsurface flow constructed wetlands,with average plant heights of 235. 2,242. 6,and 68. 1 cm,respectively. The results indicate that the tomatoes strongly adapted to and highly purified the rural domestic wastewater,which was added to the subsurface flow constructed wetland. Economic benefit was produced from this combined system.