基于产品层次差异的中美产业竞争力比较研究

A Comparative Analysis of China-U. S. Industrial Competitiveness based on Products' Hierarchy Difference

本文通过构建基于产品层次差异的产业内贸易指数对中美间低中高技术产业竞争力进行测度,并选取产业竞争力的影响因素进行回归分析,结果表明:2001年至2013年,中国低层次产品对美出口力度都较强,水平和高层次产品则较弱,说明中国各产业的高附加值环节及(或)整个价值链的实力仍旧不足;中等技术产业状况要好于低和高技术产业,显示中国产业升级取得一定成效;相关因素对我国产品出口层次改善的作用不显著甚至是负向作用,且产业技术和产品层次越高,作用的不足越明显。

The article tests the low , medium and high-tech industries′competitiveness between China and U .S.in terms of intra-industry trade index based on products′hierarchy difference , and carries out regression analysis of the factors af-fecting the competitiveness of high-tech industry .Results show that： China is strong in low-hierarchy exports to U .S. from 2001 to 2013, but is weak in medium and high hierarchy products , which show China′s competitiveness is weak in high value-added chains and （ or） the whole value chain of each industry;the medium technology industries are better in these situations above than low and high technology industries , which show China′s progress in inter-industry upgra-ding to some extent;related factors don′t play significant even negative roles in the improvement of China′s exports′hier-archy, and this situation becomes more obvious in higher technology industries and higher hierarchy products .