北京海淀区绿色空间PM_(2.5)滞尘服务模拟

Simulation on PM_(2.5) detention service of green space in Haidian District,Beijing,China

绿色空间能够有效吸附空气中的颗粒悬浮物,具有极其重要的PM_(2.5)滞尘作用.本研究基于植被的PM_(2.5)滞尘机理,提出了绿色空间的滞尘服务量化方法,并对北京市海淀区绿色空间的PM_(2.5)单日累积滞尘量,以及不同景观类型冬季、夏季和年滞尘总量进行了空间量化和对比研究.结果表明:海淀区绿色空间冬季的滞尘服务频率和最大单日滞尘量均低于夏季.全年来看,海淀区西部山林景观平均滞尘服务值最高;北部平原区由零散的林地斑块和农田斑块构成的田园景观年滞尘服务总量则最大;而南部城区除几个零星的公园绿地斑块外,大部分区域的滞尘服务是全区的最低水平.PM_(2.5)滞尘服务模型能够快速定量化绿色空间的滞尘量及其空间分布,对城市绿化建设及PM_(2.5)大气污染治理具有重要作用.

Green space plays an important role in reducing PM_（2.5）,since it can efficiently absorb suspended particles in the air. A quantificational method of dust detention service of green space was proposed in this study,based on the mechanism of PM_（2.5）reduction by plant. Daily,summer,winter and whole year cumulative dust amounts reduced by green space with different landscape types of Haidian District,Beijing,were quantified. The results showed that both of dust reduction frequency and daily cumulative dust amount in winter were considerably lower than those in summer. Mountain woodlands in the west of Haidian District provided the highest average PM_（2.5）reduction service,and the fragmented agricultural and forest landscapes in the northern plains provided the highest total dust detention service,while the southern area had the lowest dust detention service except for several parks. PM_（2.5）detention service model was very useful to quickly quantify how much dust could be reduced by green space and where were these services,which was very important for the development of urban green space and improvement of air quality.