弯曲钢油管外载荷测试方法研究

Study on Test Method for External Load of Kneed Steel Pipe

工程机械产品的弯曲钢油管有时会出现疲劳断裂的现象,为了对其进行优化,用有限元分析现有结构的应变分布并进行结构改进是一种有效的解决方法。但是,钢油管在实际工作过程中所受到的外力较为复杂,要在有限元模型上施加仿真边界条件会遇到困难。通过对钢油管进行受力简化,并用试验的方法,以应变片为工具测量出确定加载力下的应变响应,然后对测得的数据进行分析,建立外载荷与测点位置应变间的关系方程,最终结合实际工况可达到以应变响应测出外载荷,提供有限元分析的边界条件的目的。这一方法可应用到各种工程产品中。

Kneed steel pipe of construction machinery products may suffer a fatigue fracture.Strain FEA is an excellent way to simulate existing structure and improve it. How to determine the boundary condition is an encountered difficult due to the complex forces loading on pipes in works. To establish the requisite boundary condition,choose strain gage to be the tool. First,simplify the structure to be mechanical model,and measure the response of strain gages on a serious of known forces. Then establish an equation to link external loads and strain in corresponding spots. At last,measure strains in actual work condition to calculate external loads,which is the boundary condition we need. The test method proposed in the paper can be applied to various construction products.