社区儿童微量元素及发育状况调查分析

目的调查社区儿童微量元素和形态发育状况以及两者的关系。方法随机抽取大连市中山区葵英社区562名3—5岁儿童作为研究对象，按户口所在地分为本地儿童和流动儿童两组，采用原子吸收分光光度法，测定外周血液标本中Ca、Fe、Mg、Cu和Zn。同时测量身高、体质量、胸围、头围、坐高共5项发育指标。结果本地儿童cu、Zn、Ca、Fe、Mg缺乏发生率分别为8．2％、37．0％、27．7％、18．1％、8．0％；流动儿童Cu、Zn、Ca、Fe、Mg缺乏发生率分别为10．8％、54．3％、28．5％、18．8％、8．6％。社区本地儿童Cu和Zn含量显著高于流动儿童（P〈0．05），而Ca、Fe、Mg含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。社区本地儿童身高、体质量、头围、胸围、坐高显著高于流动儿童（P〈0．05）。身高、体质量、头围、胸围、坐高与Zn含量呈正相关，相关系数有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论大连市中山区葵英社区儿童微量元素存在不同程度的缺乏。定期监测儿童外周血微量元素含量对预防儿童发育不良显得尤为重要。

Objective To investigate the situation of microelements and growth status and the relationship between them in community children. Methods 562 children ranging from 3 to 5 years old in Kuiying Community of Zhong- shan District, Dalian City were employed randomly as the research objects.According to the registered residence, they were divided into local children and migrant children.Atomic Absorption Spectrometry（AAS） was adopted to detect the elements of Ca, Fe ,Mg, Cu and Zn in peripheral blood specimens.Meanwhile, a total of 5 growth indexes including height, weight and chest circumference, head circumference and sitting height were measured.Results In local chil- dren,the deficiency rate of Cu,Zn, Ca,Fe and Mg was 8.2% ,37.0% ,27.7%, 18.1% and 8.0% respectively.And the deficiency rate of Cu,Zn,Ca,Fe and Mg was 10.8% ,54.3% ,28.5%, 18,8% and 8.6% respectively in migrant children.The content of Cu and Zn in local children was significantly higher than that in migrant children（P 〈 0.05）, while there was no difference of statistical significance in Ca,Fe and Mg（P 〉 0.05）.The indexes of height,weight, head circumference, chest circumference and sitting height of local children were significantly higher than those of mi- grant children（P 〈 0.05）.Height, weight, head circumference, chest circumference and sitting height were positively cor- related with the content of Zn,and the correlation coefficient showed statistical significance （P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion There are different levels of microelement deficiency among children in Kuiying Community of Zhongshan District, Dalian City.Regular monitoring on the microelement content in peripheral blood of children is important for the pre- vention against children maldevelopment.