成年人扁桃体大小和舌位变化的趋势与意义

Variation trend and significance of adult tonsil size and tongue position

目的:通过对不同年龄段成年人扁桃体大小和舌位的观察,探讨其变化趋势及意义。方法:对1 060例无扁桃体手术史的健康体检者口咽部形态进行观察,对扁桃体大小及舌体位置进行分型及评分,再对评分进行统计学分析。结果:舌位评分随着年龄的增长而升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性舌位平均得分较女性低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。扁桃体大小的评分随年龄增长而减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别扁桃体平均得分的差异无统计学意义。咽腔总评分随着年龄增长而升高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同性别咽腔总评分之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。舌位评分、扁桃体评分、咽腔总评分与BMI呈正相关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);BMI则随着年龄增长而升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:成年人群中口咽腔的宽窄程度始终保持着一定的稳定性,但舌位和扁桃体大小的积分随着年龄的增长而呈反向变化;肥胖者的咽腔更狭窄;舌体大小和扁桃体大小随着年龄的增长而呈反向变化的现象可能是维持咽腔宽窄度稳定的调控因素。

Objective：The aim of this study is to explore the changing trend and significance of adult tonsil size and tongue position by observing adults in different age groups. Method： Oropharyngeal cavities of 1 060 adults who undergoing health examination and had no history of tonsil surgery were observed. Friedman tongue position （FTP） and tonsil size （TS） were scored according to Friedman＇s criteria and results were statistic analyzed to eval- uate their changing law and significance. Result：Mean FTP scores increased with age significantly（P〈0. 01）; FTP score in male was lower than that in female（P〈0.01）. TS score significantly decreased with age（P〈0. 05）. The average score of TS had no statistical significance in different gender. Although there was no statistical signifi- cance, total score of FTP show an increasing trend with age （P〈0.05） ;Total scores of FTP were different be- tween sexes（male 4.12 ± 0.67, female 4.23-4-0.68, P〈0.05）. BMI was not found to be statistically different when FTP scores, TS scores and total scores changed （P〈0. 05）; but it showed an increasing trend with age（P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion：Width of pharyngeal cavity in normal adults is always kept in certain stability, while it proves to be narrower in obese people. TS score and FTP score, which appear the opposite trend with age, can be thought as a maior factor to keep a stable width of oral pharyngeal cavity.