紫外诱变选育大肠杆菌营养缺陷型菌株的研究

Study on Selection of Auxotrophic Strain of Escherichia coli by UV Mutation

营养缺陷型是一种生化突变株,它的出现是由基因突变引起的。营养缺陷型菌株在遗传学、食品生物技术、微生物代谢等领域的研究中均具有重要作用,另外它还是研究基因的结构与功能的常用材料。该研究以大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)菌株DH5α为实验材料,利用紫外线(UV)对其进行诱变,并且采用青霉素法浓缩营养缺陷型细菌,采用逐个测定法检出营养缺陷型,利用生长谱法对缺陷型菌株进行鉴定、分析,得到了4株稳定的营养缺陷型突变株,分别为赖氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸和嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株。

The auxotrophic strain, which is caused by the gene mutation, is a kind of mutant strain of biochemistry. It plays an mportant role in the study of genetics, food biotechnology, microbial metabolism, and so on, besides, the auxotrophic strain has been always used to study the structure and function of genes. The steps of screening are inducing mutation, after culturing, eliminating the wild types, detecting the deficit types and identifying the deficit types.The ultraviolet （UV） was used to mutate the strain of Escherichia coli-DHSα, and then by the use of penicil- lin method, the auxotrophic bacteria were concentrated and tested respectively to find out the auxotroph.Finally, the auxotrophies were identified and analyzed by growth chart of nutritional need, and four auxotrophic strains were suc- cessfully obtained.