胎儿先天性椎体畸形的产前超声分型及诊断切面探讨

Classification and diagnostic procedure of fetal vertebral malformation by prenatal ultrasonography

目的探讨胎儿先天性椎体畸形的产前超声分型情况,并分析不同诊断切面对不同类型胎儿先天性椎体畸形的优势。方法回顾性分析经产前超声诊断为胎儿椎体畸形的孕妇36例,总结产前超声分型及不同切面的诊断情况。结果 36例孕妇中,胎儿半椎体畸形25例,分节不全8例,混合型3例。脊柱纵切面诊断前方半椎体4例,后方半椎体6例,前后融合障碍型半椎体3例,以及融合椎畸形8例;结合病变部位横切面或冠状切面诊断左、右侧半椎体8例,蝴蝶椎4例。结论胎儿先天性椎体畸形的产前超声分型是可行的,针对性脊柱三维成像可为在二维超声诊断基础上的椎体畸形进一步分亚型提供帮助。不同切面对不同类型胎儿先天性椎体畸形的临床诊断有重要指导意义。

Objective To explore the classification and diagnostic procedure of fetal vertebral malformation by prenatal ultrasonography.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 36 cases with fetal malformation as diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography,the classification and diagnostic plane were analyzed. Results Thirty-six cases of women with fetal malformation include 25 cases of hemivertebra,8 cases of segmented hemivertebra and 3 cases of mixed type. 4 cases of the front hemivertebra,6 cases of rear hemivertebra,3 cases of hemivertebra of front and rear fusion barrier and 8 cases of fusion vertebra were diagnosed in spine longitudinal section.8 cases of left and right hemivertebra and 4 cases of butterfly vertebrae were diagnosed through the transverse section or coronal section.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasonography can be used to classify fetal spine malformation, different ultrasonography planes can provide guiding significance for the diagnosis of different types of congenital fetal vertebral anomalies.