播期和种植密度对冬小麦新品种衡4399产量及其构成因素影响

Effects of Sowing Dates and Planting Densities on Yield and Yield Components of Winter Wheat New Cultivar Heng4399

[目的]明确冬小麦新品种衡4399的高产高效栽培技术措施，为该品种大面积应用提供理论依据。[方法]采用裂区设计，设7个播期和6个种植密度处理，于2008～2009年在河北省深州市护驾迟镇旱作节水试验站进行了播期和种植密度对该品种产量及其构成因素影响的研究。[结果]①播期对单位面积穗数、千粒重及产量有显著的影响，但对穗粒数影响不显著；种植密度对产量及其构成因素均有显著影响。②产量随着播期的推迟和种植密度的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势。在一定范围内，衡4399单位面积穗数随着播期的推迟而减少，随密度的增加而增加；穗粒数受播期和种植密度影响很小；千粒重随播期的推迟而增加，随种植密度的增加而降低。[结论]通过回归方程模拟计算得出，冬小麦新品种衡4399的适宜播期为10月6～21日，相应的合理种植密度为210万～360万／hm 2。

Objective] To clarify the high-yield and efficient cultivation technical measures of winter wheat new cultivar Heng4399, and to provide theoretical basis for large-scale application of the cultivar.[ Method] Split plot design was used to carry out treatments of seven sowing periods and six planting densities.Effects of sowing dates and planting densities on the yield and yield components of cultivar Heng4399 were researched in in Dry-farming and Water-saving Experiment Station located at Hujiachi Town in Shenzhou City of Hebei Province during 2008-2009.[Result] Sowing date had significant effects on the number of spikes per unit area, 1 000-kernel weight and grain yield, but showed no significant effects on kernels per spike.Planting density had significant effects on both yield and yield components.With the delay of sowing date and the increase of planting density, yield firstly enhanced and then reduced.Within a certain range, the number of spikes per unit area reduced as the sowing date delayed, and increased as the planting density enhanced.Kernels per spike was less affected by sowing date and planting density.1 000-kernel weight increased as the sowing date delayed, but declined as the planting density increased.[Conclusion] Through the regression equation simulation calculation, it is recommended that the suitable sowing date of Heng4399 is October 6-21, and its reasonable basic planting density is 2 100 thousand-3 600 thousand plants/hm2 .