2015年北京市鼠疫监测结果分析

Analysis of Surveillance of Plague of Beijing in 2015

目的描述北京市鼠疫人间病例早期预警监测结果和本地可染疫动物种群及鼠疫耶尔森氏菌感染状况。方法在全市各级各类医疗机构开展鼠疫人间病例筛查,在门头沟区、延庆区、怀柔区、密云区和顺义区5个区设立监测点,使用夹夜法捕捉小型兽类,使用间接血凝试验测定鼠疫耶尔森氏菌F1抗体。结果 2015年全年未发现鼠疫急热待查和疑似病例,鼠间疫情监测共捕获99只啮齿类动物,鼠密度为2.83%,共包含了4种类型:大林姬鼠、北社鼠、岩松鼠和褐家鼠。77份鼠血清中未检出鼠疫F1抗体。结论北京市存在已确定的鼠疫可染疫动物社鼠和大林姬鼠,且为优势种群,但目前血清学监测结果未发现鼠疫菌感染。

Objective To describe early surveillance of human plague and to investigate the species composition of small mammals and the infection of Yersini pestis in natural environment of Beijing. Methods The case of human plague surveillance was conducted in all of the hospitals of Beijing. The small mammals were captured in the surveillance sites located in Mentougou, Yanqing, Huairou, Miyun and Shunyi districts. The species were identified and the density was calculated according to the trap-at-night method. The blood samples were colleted from the heart and the anti-Yersini pestis F1 antibody was detected by serological method. Results The human suspect acute-fever to be determined and probable plague were not found in early surveillance. The small mammals’ density was 2.83/100. The 99 captured mammals could be identified as four kinds of species which were Apodemus peninsulae, Niviventer confucianus, Sciurotamias davidianus and Rattus norvegicus. The serological F1 antibodies were all negative in 77 blood samples of captured small mammals. Conclusion There are Apodemus peninsulae and Niviventer confucianus that could infected by Yersini pestis and with highest density. However, no infection of Yersini pestis has been found by serological test method.