促进老年人散步行为的城市公园设计特征研究基于内容分析法初探

Urban Park design Characteristics that Promote Seniors Walking Exploration based on Content Analysis Method

对老年人来说,散步是最为便捷、流行与重要的运动方式,能带来许多健康益处。通过为散步提供良好的设施与环境,城市公园可以促进老年人的散步行为,从而提升其健康状况与生活质量。基于现场访谈与内容分析法,本文探索了老年人在公园中散步的体验,及什么样的公园设计特征能鼓励老年人的散步行为。研究发现老年使用者认为在公园中散步可以带来4大方面的益处,包括:1、身体健康益处,2、社交益处,3、心理健康益处与,4、安全与其它益处。影响老年人散步行为的公园设计特征可归纳为3方面,包括园路的物理属性,园路的周围环境及园路的连接关系。根据分析结果,本文提出在公园规划设计中,应重视散步等体力活动,建设促进健康的公园环境。具体策略包括:1、增加自然要素与特色自然景观空间,包括开阔水面、林荫路、密植树林、广场与园路相结合的布局;2、设置平坦的、有座椅设施的环形园路;3、提供有距离标识的与活动广场有视线互动的园路/跑道。

For the elderly, taking a walk is the most convenient, popular and important physical activity, which could bring multiple health benefits. By providing preferred facilities and environments, urban parks can encourage seniors person＇walking behavior, and eventualy improve their health and life quality. Based on interviews and content analysis method, this study explores the experience of seniors when they walk in urban parks, and the specific park environment design characteristics that can encourage seniors＆#39; walking. The results reveal that seniors perceive four major benefits of walking in urban park, including 1. Physical health benefits, 2. Social benefits, 3. Psychological benefits and 4. Safety and other benefits. The result shows that preferred park environment characteristics could be classified into three aspects, including pathway physical attributes, pathway surroundings and pathway configurational attributes. We should address walking behavior and other physical activities in park design practice, and facilitate the building of health-promotive park environment. Related strategies related strategies include： 1. Provide more natural elements and spaces, such as spacious water body, shady pathway, dense grove, and pathways integrated with activity zones. 2. Provide ring-shaped pathways with flat pavements and benches. 3. Provide track/pathway with distance sign and visual connection with activity zone.